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Register a new userA multipurpose Hopf deformation of the Algebra of Feynman-like Diagrams
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Authors
Gerard Henry Edmond Duchamp
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We construct a three parameter deformation of the Hopf algebra $mathbf{LDIAG}$. This new algebra is a true Hopf deformation which reduces to $mathbf{LDIAG}$ on one hand and to $mathbf{MQSym}$ on the other, relating $mathbf{LDIAG}$ to other Hopf algebras of interest in contemporary physics. Further, its product law reproduces that of the algebra of polyzeta functions.
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We construct a three-parameter deformation of the Hopf algebra $LDIAG$. This is the algebra that appears in an expansion in terms of Feynman-like diagrams of the {em product formula} in a simplified version of Quantum Field Theory. This new algebra is a true Hopf deformation which reduces to $LDIAG$ for some parameter values and to the algebra of Matrix Quasi-Symmetric Functions ($MQS$) for others, and thus relates $LDIAG$ to other Hopf algebras of contemporary physics. Moreover, there is an onto linear mapping preserving products from our algebra to the algebra of Euler-Zagier sums.
This paper together with the previous one (arXiv:hep-th/0604146) presents the detailed description of all quantum deformations of D=4 Lorentz algebra as Hopf algebra in terms of complex and real generators. We describe here in detail two quantum deformations of the D=4 Lorentz algebra o(3,1) obtained by twisting of the standard q-deformation U_{q}(o(3,1)). For the first twisted q-deformation an Abelian twist depending on Cartan generators of o(3,1) is used. The second example of twisting provides a quantum deformation of Cremmer-Gervais type for the Lorentz algebra. For completeness we describe also twisting of the Lorentz algebra by standard Jordanian twist. By twist quantization techniques we obtain for these deformations new explicit formulae for the deformed coproducts and antipodes of the o(3,1)-generators.
We look at a graph property called reducibility which is closely related to a condition developed by Brown to evaluate Feynman integrals. We show for graphs with a fixed number of external momenta, that reducibility with respect to both Symanzik polynomials is graph minor closed. We also survey the known forbidden minors and the known structural results. This gives some structural information on those Feynman diagrams which are reducible.
We introduce a Hopf algebra structure of subword complexes, including both finite and infinite types. We present an explicit cancellation free formula for the antipode using acyclic orientations of certain graphs, and show that this Hopf algebra induces a natural non-trivial sub-Hopf algebra on $c$-clusters in the theory of cluster algebras.
We develop a new representation for the integrals associated with Feynman diagrams. This leads directly to a novel method for the numerical evaluation of these integrals, which avoids the use of Monte Carlo techniques. Our approach is based on based on the theory of generalized sinc ($sin(x)/x$) functions, from which we derive an approximation to the propagator that is expressed as an infinite sum. When the propagators in the Feynman integrals are replaced with the approximate form all integrals over internal momenta and vertices are converted into Gaussians, which can be evaluated analytically. Performing the Gaussians yields a multi-dimensional infinite sum which approximates the corresponding Feynman integral. The difference between the exact result and this approximation is set by an adjustable parameter, and can be made arbitrarily small. We discuss the extraction of regularization independent quantities and demonstrate, both in theory and practice, that these sums can be evaluated quickly, even for third or fourth order diagrams. Lastly, we survey strategies for numerically evaluating the multi-dimensional sums. We illustrate the method with specific examples, including the the second order sunset diagram from quartic scalar field theory, and several higher-order diagrams. In this initial paper we focus upon scalar field theories in Euclidean spacetime, but expect that this approach can be generalized to fields with spin.
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