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Register a new userTranslation Methodology in the Spoken Language Translator: An Evaluation
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Added by
David Carter
Publication date
1997
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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In this paper we describe how the translation methodology adopted for the Spoken Language Translator (SLT) addresses the characteristics of the speech translation task in a context where it is essential to achieve easy customization to new languages and new domains. We then discuss the issues that arise in any attempt to evaluate a speech translator, and present the results of such an evaluation carried out on SLT for several language pairs.
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Conventional spoken language translation (SLT) systems are pipeline based systems, where we have an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system to convert the modality of source from speech to text and a Machine Translation (MT) systems to translate source text to text in target language. Recent progress in the sequence-sequence architectures have reduced the performance gap between the pipeline based SLT systems (cascaded ASR-MT) and End-to-End approaches. Though End-to-End and cascaded ASR-MT systems are reaching to the comparable levels of performances, we can see a large performance gap using the ASR hypothesis and oracle text w.r.t MT models. This performance gap indicates that the MT systems are prone to large performance degradation due to noisy ASR hypothesis as opposed to oracle text transcript. In this work this degradation in the performance is reduced by creating an end to-end differentiable pipeline between the ASR and MT systems. In this work, we train SLT systems with ASR objective as an auxiliary loss and both the networks are connected through the neural hidden representations. This train ing would have an End-to-End differentiable path w.r.t to the final objective function as well as utilize the ASR objective for better performance of the SLT systems. This architecture has improved from BLEU from 36.8 to 44.5. Due to the Multi-task training the model also generates the ASR hypothesis which are used by a pre-trained MT model. Combining the proposed systems with the MT model has increased the BLEU score by 1. All the experiments are reported on English-Portuguese speech translation task using How2 corpus. The final BLEU score is on-par with the best speech translation system on How2 dataset with no additional training data and language model and much less parameters.
Spoken language translation (SLT) is becoming more important in the increasingly globalized world, both from a social and economic point of view. It is one of the major challenges for automatic speech recognition (ASR) and machine translation (MT), driving intense research activities in these areas. While past research in SLT, due to technology limitations, dealt mostly with speech recorded under controlled conditions, todays major challenge is the translation of spoken language as it can be found in real life. Considered application scenarios range from portable translators for tourists, lectures and presentations translation, to broadcast news and shows with live captioning. We would like to present PJIITs experiences in the SLT gained from the Eu-Bridge 7th framework project and the U-Star consortium activities for the Polish/English language pair. Presented research concentrates on ASR adaptation for Polish (state-of-the-art acoustic models: DBN-BLSTM training, Kaldi: LDA+MLLT+SAT+MMI), language modeling for ASR & MT (text normalization, RNN-based LMs, n-gram model domain interpolation) and statistical translation techniques (hierarchical models, factored translation models, automatic casing and punctuation, comparable and bilingual corpora preparation). While results for the well-defined domains (phrases for travelers, parliament speeches, medical documentation, movie subtitling) are very encouraging, less defined domains (presentation, lectures) still form a challenge. Our progress in the IWSLT TED task (MT only) will be presented, as well as current progress in the Polish ASR.
In this paper, we address the task of spoken language understanding. We present a method for translating spoken sentences from one language into spoken sentences in another language. Given spectrogram-spectrogram pairs, our model can be trained completely from scratch to translate unseen sentences. Our method consists of a pyramidal-bidirectional recurrent network combined with a convolutional network to output sentence-level spectrograms in the target language. Empirically, our model achieves competitive performance with state-of-the-art methods on multiple languages and can generalize to unseen speakers.
We investigate the problem of simultaneous machine translation of long-form speech content. We target a continuous speech-to-text scenario, generating translated captions for a live audio feed, such as a lecture or play-by-play commentary. As this scenario allows for revisions to our incremental translations, we adopt a re-translation approach to simultaneous translation, where the source is repeatedly translated from scratch as it grows. This approach naturally exhibits very low latency and high final quality, but at the cost of incremental instability as the output is continuously refined. We experiment with a pipeline of industry-grade speech recognition and translation tools, augmented with simple inference heuristics to improve stability. We use TED Talks as a source of multilingual test data, developing our techniques on English-to-German spoken language translation. Our minimalist approach to simultaneous translation allows us to easily scale our final evaluation to six more target languages, dramatically improving incremental stability for all of them.
For spoken language translation (SLT) in live scenarios such as conferences, lectures and meetings, it is desirable to show the translation to the user as quickly as possible, avoiding an annoying lag between speaker and translated captions. In other words, we would like low-latency, online SLT. If we assume a pipeline of automatic speech recognition (ASR) and machine translation (MT) then a viable approach to online SLT is to pair an online ASR system, with a a retranslation strategy, where the MT system re-translates every update received from ASR. However this can result in annoying flicker as the MT system updates its translation. A possible solution is to add a fixed delay, or mask to the the output of the MT system, but a fixed global mask introduces undesirable latency to the output. We show how this mask can be set dynamically, improving the latency-flicker trade-off without sacrificing translation quality.
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