A review of the study of superclusters based on the 2dFGRS and SDSS is given. Real superclusters are compared with models using simulated galaxies of the Millennium Run. We show that the fraction of very luminous superclusters in real samples is about five times greater than in simulated samples. Superclusters are generated by large-scale density perturbations which evolve very slowly. The absence of very luminous superclusters in simulations can be explained either by non-proper treatment of large-scale perturbations, or by some yet unknown processes in the very early Universe.
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