In this review we briefly summarize the recent developments in the research on Gamma-Ray Bursts, and discuss in more details the recent results derived from X-ray spectroscopy, in particular the detection of X-ray narrow features and their implication on our understanding on the origin of GRB. Finally, we outline the importance of high resolution spectroscopy in X-rays, which can provide new clues on the nature of progenitors, and a powerful probe of the early Universe and primordial galaxy formation .