No Arabic abstract
Let $M$ be a hyperkahler manifold of maximal holonomy (that is, an IHS manifold), and let $K$ be its Kahler cone, which is an open, convex subset in the space $H^{1,1}(M, R)$ of real (1,1)-forms. This space is equipped with a canonical bilinear symmetric form of signature $(1,n)$ obtained as a restriction of the Bogomolov-Beauville-Fujiki form. The set of vectors of positive square in the space of signature $(1,n)$ is a disconnected union of two convex cones. The positive cone is the component which contains the Kahler cone. We say that the Kahler cone is round if it is equal to the positive cone. The manifolds with round Kahler cones have unique bimeromorphic model and correspond to Hausdorff points in the corresponding Teichmuller space. We prove thay any maximal holonomy hyperkahler manifold with $b_2 > 4$ has a deformation with round Kahler cone and the Picard lattice of signature (1,1), admitting two non-collinear integer isotropic classes. This is used to show that all known examples of hyperkahler manifolds admit a deformation with two transversal Lagrangian fibrations, and the Kobayashi metric vanishes unless the Picard rank is maximal.
Let $(M,I, Omega)$ be a holomorphically symplectic manifold equipped with a holomorphic Lagrangian fibration $pi:; M mapsto X$, and $eta$ a closed form of Hodge type (1,1)+(2,0) on $X$. We prove that $Omega:=Omega+pi^* eta$ is again a holomorphically symplectic form, for another complex structure $I$, which is uniquely determined by $Omega$. The corresponding deformation of complex structures is called degenerate twistorial deformation. The map $pi$ is holomorphic with respect to this new complex structure, and $X$ and the fibers of $pi$ retain the same complex structure as before. Let $s$ be a smooth section of of $pi$. We prove that there exists a degenerate twistorial deformation $(M,I, Omega)$ such that $s$ is a holomorphic section.
We prove several results concerning the intersection cohomology and the perverse filtration associated with a Lagrangian fibration of an irreducible symplectic variety. We first show that the perverse numbers only depend on the deformation equivalence class of the ambient variety. Then we compute the border of the perverse diamond, which further yields a complete description of the intersection cohomology of the Lagrangian base and the invariant cohomology classes of the fibers. Lastly, we identify the perverse and Hodge numbers of intersection cohomology when the irreducible symplectic variety admits a symplectic resolution. These results generalize some earlier work by the second and third authors in the nonsingular case.
Under some positivity assumptions, extension properties of rationally connected fibrations from a submanifold to its ambient variety are studied. Given a family of rational curves on a complex projective manifold X inducing a covering family on a submanifold Y with ample normal bundle in X, the main results relate, under suitable conditions, the associated rational connected fiber structures on X and on Y. Applications of these results include an extension theorem for Mori contractions of fiber type and a classification theorem in the case Y has a structure of projective bundle or quadric fibration.
The aim of these notes is to acquaint the reader with important objects in complex algebraic geometry: K3 surfaces and their higher-dimensional analogs, hyperkahler manifolds. These manifolds are interesting from several points of view: dynamical (some have interesting automorphism groups), arithmetical (although we will not say anything on this aspect of the theory), and geometric. It is also one of those rare cases where the Torelli theorem allows for a powerful link between the geometry of these manifolds and lattice theory. We do not prove all the results that we state. Our aim is more to provide, for specific families of hyperkahler manifolds (which are projective deformations of punctual Hilbert schemes of K3 surfaces), a panorama of results about projective embeddings, automorphisms, moduli spaces, period maps and domains, rather than a complete reference guide. These results are mostly not new, except perhaps those of Appendix B (written with E. Macr`i), where we give an explicit description of the image of the period map for these polarized manifolds.
In previous papers we define certain Lagrangian shadows of ample divisors in algebraic varieties. In the present brief note an existence condition is discussed for these Lagrangian shadows.