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Register a new userAnti-Tamper Protection for Internet of Things System Using Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain Technology
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Added by
Adnan Iftekhar
Publication date
2021
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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Automated and industrial Internet of Things (IoT) devices are increasing daily. As the number of IoT devices grows, the volume of data generated by them will also grow. Managing these rapidly expanding IoT devices and enormous data efficiently to be available to all authorized users without compromising its integrity will become essential in the near future. On the other side, many information security incidents have been recorded, increasing the requirement for countermeasures. While safeguards against hostile third parties have been commonplace until now, operators and parties have seen an increase in demand for data falsification detection and blocking. Blockchain technology is well-known for its privacy, immutability, and decentralized nature. Single-board computers are becoming more powerful while also becoming more affordable as IoT platforms. These single-board computers are gaining traction in the automation industry. This study focuses on a paradigm of IoT-Blockchain integration where the blockchain node runs autonomously on the IoT platform itself. It enables the system to conduct machine-to-machine transactions without the intervention of a person and to exert direct access control over IoT devices. This paper assumed that the readers are familiar with Hyperledger Fabric basic operations and focus on the practical approach of integration. A basic introduction is provided for the newbie on the blockchain.
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In the Internet-of-Things, the number of connected devices is expected to be extremely huge, i.e., more than a couple of ten billion. It is however well-known that the security for the Internet-of-Things is still open problem. In particular, it is difficult to certify the identification of connected devices and to prevent the illegal spoofing. It is because the conventional security technologies have advanced for mainly protecting logical network and not for physical network like the Internet-of-Things. In order to protect the Internet-of-Things with advanced security technologies, we propose a new concept (datachain layer) which is a well-designed combination of physical chip identification and blockchain. With a proposed solution of the physical chip identification, the physical addresses of connected devices are uniquely connected to the logical addresses to be protected by blockchain.
The use of the term blockchain is documented for disparate projects, from cryptocurrencies to applications for the Internet of Things (IoT), and many more. The concept of blockchain appears therefore blurred, as it is hard to believe that the same technology can empower applications that have extremely different requirements and exhibit dissimilar performance and security. This position paper elaborates on the theory of distributed systems to advance a clear definition of blockchain that allows us to clarify its role in the IoT. This definition inextricably binds together three elements that, as a whole, provide the blockchain with those unique features that distinguish it from other distributed ledger technologies: immutability, transparency and anonimity. We note however that immutability comes at the expense of remarkable resource consumption, transparency demands no confidentiality and anonymity prevents user identification and registration. This is in stark contrast to the requirements of most IoT applications that are made up of resource constrained devices, whose data need to be kept confidential and users to be clearly known. Building on the proposed definition, we derive new guidelines for selecting the proper distributed ledger technology depending on application requirements and trust models, identifying common pitfalls leading to improper applications of the blockchain. We finally indicate a feasible role of the blockchain for the IoT: myriads of local, IoT transactions can be aggregated off-chain and then be successfully recorded on an external blockchain as a means of public accountability when required.
This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the existing blockchain protocols for the Internet of Things (IoT) networks. We start by describing the blockchains and summarizing the existing surveys that deal with blockchain technologies. Then, we provide an overview of the application domains of blockchain technologies in IoT, e.g, Internet of Vehicles, Internet of Energy, Internet of Cloud, Fog computing, etc. Moreover, we provide a classification of threat models, which are considered by blockchain protocols in IoT networks, into five main categories, namely, identity-based attacks, manipulation-based attacks, cryptanalytic attacks, reputation-based attacks, and service-based attacks. In addition, we provide a taxonomy and a side-by-side comparison of the state-of-the-art methods towards secure and privacy-preserving blockchain technologies with respect to the blockchain model, specific security goals, performance, limitations, computation complexity, and communication overhead. Based on the current survey, we highlight open research challenges and discuss possible future research directions in the blockchain technologies for IoT.
With its unique advantages such as decentralization and immutability, blockchain technology has been widely used in various fields in recent years. The smart contract running on the blockchain is also playing an increasingly important role in decentralized application scenarios. Therefore, the automatic detection of security vulnerabilities in smart contracts has become an urgent problem in the application of blockchain technology. Hyperledger Fabric is a smart contract platform based on enterprise-level licensed distributed ledger technology. However, the research on the vulnerability detection technology of Hyperledger Fabric smart contracts is still in its infancy. In this paper, we propose HFContractFuzzer, a method based on Fuzzing technology to detect Hyperledger Fabric smart contracts, which combines a Fuzzing tool for golang named go-fuzz and smart contracts written by golang. We use HFContractFuzzer to detect vulnerabilities in five contracts from typical sources and discover that four of them have security vulnerabilities, proving the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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