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Register a new userThe obliquity of HIP 67522 b: a 17 Myr old transiting hot Jupiter-sized planet
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HIP 67522 b is a 17 Myr old, close-in ($P_{orb} = 6.96$ d), Jupiter-sized ($R = 10,R_{oplus}$) transiting planet orbiting a Sun like star in the Sco-Cen OB association. We present our measurement of the systems projected orbital obliquity via two spectroscopic transit observations using the CHIRON spectroscopic facility. We present a global model that accounts for large surface brightness features typical of such young stars during spectroscopic transit observations. With a value of $|lambda| = 5.1^{+2.5,circ}_{-3.7}$ degree, we demonstrate that this well-aligned system cannot be the result of a high eccentricity driven migration history. By being the youngest planet with a known obliquity, HIP 67522 b holds a special place in contributing to our understanding of giant planet formation and evolution. Our analysis shows the feasibility of such measurements for young and very active stars.
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We present the discovery of a transiting hot Jupiter orbiting HIP 67522 ($T_{eff}sim5650$ K; $M_* sim 1.2 M_{odot}$) in the 10-20 Myr old Sco-Cen OB association. We identified the transits in the TESS data using our custom notch-filter planet search pipeline, and characterize the system with additional photometry from Spitzer, spectroscopy from SOAR/Goodman, SALT/HRS, LCOGT/NRES, and SMARTS/CHIRON, and speckle imaging from SOAR/HRCam. We model the photometry as a periodic Gaussian process with transits to account for stellar variability, and find an orbital period of 6.9596$^{+0.000016}_{-0.000015}$ days and radius of 10.02$^{+0.54}_{-0.53}$ R$_oplus$. We also identify a single transit of an additional candidate planet with radius 8.01$^{+0.75}_{-0.71}$ R$_oplus$ that has an orbital period of $gtrsim23$ days. The validated planet HIP 67522 b is currently the youngest transiting hot Jupiter discovered and is an ideal candidate for transmission spectroscopy and radial velocity follow-up studies, while also demonstrating that some young giant planets either form in situ at small orbital radii, or else migrate promptly from formation sites farther out in the disk.
We report the detection of V1298 Tau b, a warm Jupiter-sized planet ($R_P$ = 0.91 $pm$ 0.05~ $R_mathrm{Jup}$, $P = 24.1$ days) transiting a young solar analog with an estimated age of 23 million years. The star and its planet belong to Group 29, a young association in the foreground of the Taurus-Auriga star-forming region. While hot Jupiters have been previously reported around young stars, those planets are non-transiting and near-term atmospheric characterization is not feasible. The V1298 Tau system is a compelling target for follow-up study through transmission spectroscopy and Doppler tomography owing to the transit depth (0.5%), host star brightness ($K_s$ = 8.1 mag), and rapid stellar rotation ($vsin{i}$ = 23 kms). Although the planet is Jupiter-sized, its mass is presently unknown due to high-amplitude radial velocity jitter. Nevertheless, V1298 Tau b may help constrain formation scenarios for at least one class of close-in exoplanets, providing a window into the nascent evolution of planetary interiors and atmospheres.
We report the spectroscopic confirmation of the Kepler object of interest KOI-183.01 (Kepler-423b), a half-Jupiter mass planet transiting an old solar-like star every 2.7 days. Our analysis is the first to combine the full Kepler photometry (quarters 1-17) with high-precision radial velocity measurements taken with the FIES spectrograph at the Nordic Optical Telescope. We simultaneously modelled the photometric and spectroscopic data-sets using Bayesian approach coupled with Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. We found that the Kepler pre-search data conditioned (PDC) light curve of KOI-183 exhibits quarter-to-quarter systematic variations of the transit depth, with a peak-to-peak amplitude of about 4.3 % and seasonal trends reoccurring every four quarters. We attributed these systematics to an incorrect assessment of the quarterly variation of the crowding metric. The host star KOI-183 is a G4 dwarf with $M_star=0.85pm0.04$ M$_rm{Sun}$, $R_star=0.95pm0.04$ R$_rm{Sun}$, $T_mathrm{eff}=5560pm80$ K, $[M/H]=-0.10pm0.05$ dex, and with an age of $11pm2$ Gyr. The planet KOI-183b has a mass of $M_mathrm{p}=0.595pm0.081$ M$_mathrm{Jup}$ and a radius of $R_mathrm{p}=1.192pm0.052$ R$_mathrm{Jup}$, yielding a planetary bulk density of $rho_mathrm{p}=0.459pm0.083$ g/cm$^{3}$. The radius of KOI-183b is consistent with both theoretical models for irradiated coreless giant planets and expectations based on empirical laws. The inclination of the stellar spin axis suggests that the system is aligned along the line of sight. We detected a tentative secondary eclipse of the planet at a 2-$sigma$ confidence level ($Delta F_{mathrm{ec}}=14.2pm6.6$ ppm) and found that the orbit might have a small non-zero eccentricity of $e=0.019^{+0.028}_{-0.014}$. With a Bond albedo of $A_mathrm{B}=0.037pm0.019$, KOI-183b is one of the gas-giant planets with the lowest albedo known so far.
Kepler-730 is a planetary system hosting a statistically validated hot Jupiter in a 6.49-day orbit and an additional transiting candidate in a 2.85-day orbit. We use spectroscopic radial velocities from the APOGEE-2N instrument, Robo-AO contrast curves, and Gaia distance estimates to statistically validate the planetary nature of the additional Earth-sized candidate. We perform astrophysical false positive probability calculations for the candidate using the available Kepler data and bolster the statistical validation by using radial velocity data to exclude a family of possible binary star solutions. Using a radius estimate for the primary star derived from stellar models, we compute radii of $1.100^{+0.047}_{-0.050} R_{Jup}$ and $0.140pm0.012 R_{Jup}$ ($1.57pm0.13 R_{oplus}$) for Kepler-730b and Kepler-730c, respectively. Kepler-730 is only the second compact system hosting a hot Jupiter with an inner, transiting planet.
We report the discovery of a transiting planet orbiting the star TYC 6446-326-1. The star, WASP-22, is a moderately bright (V=12.0) solar-type star (Teff = 6000 +/- 100 K, [Fe/H] = -0.05 +/- 0.08). The lightcurve of the star obtained with the WASP-South instrument shows periodic transit-like features with a depth of about 1 and a duration of 0.14 days. The presence of a transit-like feature in the lightcurve is confirmed using z-band photometry obtained with Faulkes Telescope South. High resolution spectroscopy obtained with the CORALIE and HARPS spectrographs confirm the presence of a planetary mass companion with an orbital period of 3.533 days in a near-circular orbit. From a combined analysis of the spectroscopic and photometric data assuming that the star is a typical main-sequence star we estimate that the planet has a mass M_p = 0.56 +/- 0.02 M_Jup and a radius R_p = 1.12 +/- 0.04 R_Jup. In addition, there is a linear trend of 40 m/s/yr in the radial velocities measured over 16 months, from which we infer the presence of a third body with a long period orbit in this system. The companion may be a low mass M-dwarf, a white dwarf or a second planet.
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