Ramsey simplicity of random graphs


Abstract in English

A graph $G$ is $q$-Ramsey for another graph $H$ if in any $q$-edge-colouring of $G$ there is a monochromatic copy of $H$, and the classic Ramsey problem asks for the minimum number of vertices in such a graph. This was broadened in the seminal work of Burr, ErdH{o}s, and Lovasz to the investigation of other extremal parameters of Ramsey graphs, including the minimum degree. It is not hard to see that if $G$ is minimally $q$-Ramsey for $H$ we must have $delta(G) ge q(delta(H) - 1) + 1$, and we say that a graph $H$ is $q$-Ramsey simple if this bound can be attained. Grinshpun showed that this is typical of rather sparse graphs, proving that the random graph $G(n,p)$ is almost surely $2$-Ramsey simple when $frac{log n}{n} ll p ll n^{-2/3}$. In this paper, we explore this question further, asking for which pairs $p = p(n)$ and $q = q(n,p)$ we can expect $G(n,p)$ to be $q$-Ramsey simple. We resolve the problem for a wide range of values of $p$ and $q$; in particular, we uncover some interesting behaviour when $n^{-2/3} ll p ll n^{-1/2}$.

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