No Arabic abstract
We prove that the group $Aut_1(xi)$ of strict contactomorphisms, also known as quantomorphisms, of the standard tight contact structure $xi$ on $S^3$ is the total space of a fiber bundle $S^1 to Aut_1(xi) to SDiff(S^2)$ over the group of area-preserving $C^infty$-diffeomorphisms of $S^2$, and that it deformation retracts to its finite-dimensional sub-bundle $S^1 to U(2)cup cU(2) to O(3)$, where $U(2)$ is the unitary group and $c$ is complex conjugation.
We prove that that the homotopy type of the path connected component of the identity in the contactomorphism group is characterized by the homotopy type of the diffeomorphism group plus some data provided by the topology of the formal contactomorphism space. As a consequence, we show that every connected component of the space of Legendrian long knots in $R^3$ has the homotopy type of the corresponding smooth long knot space. This implies that any connected component of the space of Legendrian embeddings in $NS^3$ is homotopy equivalent to the space $K(G,1)timesU(2)$, with $G$ computed by A. Hatcher and R. Budney. Similar statements are proven for Legendrian embeddings in $R^3$ and for transverse embeddings in $NS^3$. Finally, we compute the homotopy type of the contactomorphisms of several tight $3$-folds: $NS^1 times NS^2$, Legendrian fibrations over compact orientable surfaces and finite quotients of the standard $3$-sphere. In fact, the computations show that the method works whenever we have knowledge of the topology of the diffeomorphism group. We prove several statements on the way that have interest by themselves: the computation of the homotopy groups of the space of non-parametrized Legendrians, a multiparametric convex surface theory, a characterization of formal Legendrian simplicity in terms of the space of tight contact structures on the complement of a Legendrian, the existence of common trivializations for multi-parametric families of tight $R^3$, etc.
Among a family of 2-parameter left invariant metrics on Sp(2), we determine which have nonnegative sectional curvatures and which are Einstein. On the quotiente $widetilde{N}^{11}=(Sp(2)times S^4)/S^3$, we construct a homogeneous isoparametric foliation with isoparametric hypersurfaces diffeomorphic to Sp(2). Furthermore, on the quotiente $widetilde{N}^{11}/S^3$, we construct a transnormal system with transnormal hypersurfaces diffeomorphic to the Gromoll-Meyer sphere $Sigma^7$. Moreover, the induced metric on each hypersurface has positive Ricci curvature and quasi-positive sectional curvature simultaneously.
We consider convex contact spheres $Y$ all of whose Reeb orbits are closed. Any such $Y$ admits a stratification by the periods of closed Reeb orbits. We show that $Y$ resembles a contact ellipsoid: any stratum of $Y$ is an integral homology sphere, and the sequence of Ekeland-Hofer spectral invariants of $Y$ coincides with the full sequence of action values, each one repeated according to its multiplicity.
Generalized contact bundles are odd dimensional analogues of generalized complex manifolds. They have been introduced recently and very little is known about them. In this paper we study their local structure. Specifically, we prove a local splitting theorem similar to those appearing in Poisson geometry. In particular, in a neighborhood of a regular point, a generalized contact bundle is either the product of a contact and a complex manifold or the product of a symplectic manifold and a manifold equipped with an integrable complex structure on the gauge algebroid of the trivial line bundle.
Recently, there have been several breakthroughs in the classification of tight contact structures. We give an outline on how to exploit methods developed by Ko Honda and John Etnyre to obtain classification results for specific examples of small Seifert manifolds.