In this paper, we first construct a graded Lie algebra which characterizes Rota-Baxter operators on an anti-flexible algebra as Maurer-Cartan elements. Next, we study infinitesimal deformations of bimodules over anti-flexible algebras. We also consider compatible Rota-Baxter operators on bimodules over anti-flexible algebras. Finally, We define $mathcal{ON}$-structures which give rise to compatible Rota-Baxter operators and vice-versa.
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