A 3D rep-tile is a compact 3-manifold $X$ in $mathbb{R}^3$ that can be decomposed into finitely many pieces, each of which are similar to $X$, and all of which are congruent to each other. In this paper we classify all 3D rep-tiles up to homeomorphism. In particular, we show that a 3-manifold is homeomorphic to a 3D rep-tile if and only if it is the exterior of a connected graph in $S^3$.
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