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Register a new userPlanar pseudo-geodesics and totally umbilic submanifolds
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We study totally umbilic isometric immersions between Riemannian manifolds. First, we provide a novel characterization of the totally umbilic isometric immersions with parallel normalized mean curvature vector, i.e., those having nonzero mean curvature vector and such that the unit vector in the direction of the mean curvature vector is parallel in the normal bundle. Such characterization is based on a family of curves, called planar pseudo-geodesics, which represent a natural extrinsic generalization of both geodesics and Riemannian circles: being planar, their Cartan development in the tangent space is planar in the ordinary sense; being pseudo-geodesics, their geodesic and normal curvatures satisfy a linear relation. We study these curves in detail and, in particular, establish their local existence and uniqueness. Moreover, in the case of codimension-one immersions, we prove the following statement: an isometric immersion $iota colon M hookrightarrow Q$ is totally umbilic if and only if the extrinsic shape of every geodesic of $M$ is planar. This extends a well-known result about surfaces in $mathbb{R}^{3}$.
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We obtain a basic inequality involving the Laplacian of the warping function and the squared mean curvature of any warped product isometrically immersed in a Riemannian manifold without assuming any restriction on the Riemann curvature tensor of the ambient manifold. Applying this general theory, we obtain basic inequalities involving the Laplacian of the warping function and the squared mean curvature of $C$-totally real warped product submanifolds of $(kappa ,mu ) $-space forms, Sasakian space forms and non-Sasakian $(kappa ,mu) $-manifolds. Then we obtain obstructions to the existence of minimal isometric immersions of $C$-totally real warped product submanifolds in $(kappa ,mu) $-space forms, non-Sasakian $(kappa ,mu) $-manifolds and Sasakian space forms. In the last, we obtain an example of a warped product $C$-totally real submanifold of a non-Sasakian $(kappa ,mu) $-manifold, which satisfies the equality case of the basic inequality.
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