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Register a new userThe Notre-Dame Cube: An active-target time-projection chamber for radioactive beam experiments and detector development
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Active-target detectors have the potential to address the difficulties associated with the low intensities of radioactive beams. We have developed an active-target detector, the Notre Dame Cube (ND-Cube), to perform experiments with radioactive beams produced at $mathit{TwinSol}$ and to aid in the development of active-target techniques. Various aspects of the ND-Cube and its design were characterized. The ND-Cube was commissioned with a $^{7}$Li beam for measuring $^{40}$Ar + $^{7}$Li fusion reaction cross sections and investigating $^{7}$Li($alpha$,$alpha$)$^{7}$Li scattering events. The ND-Cube will be used to study a range of reactions using light radioactive ions produced at low energy.
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The TexAT (Texas Active Target) detector is a new active-target time projection chamber (TPC) that was built at the Cyclotron Institute Texas A$&$M University. The detector is designed to be of general use for nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics experiments with rare isotope beams. TexAT combines a highly segmented Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with two layers of solid state detectors. It provides high efficiency and flexibility for experiments with low intensity exotic beams, allowing for the 3D track reconstruction of the incoming and outgoing particles involved in nuclear reactions and decays.
The SAMURAI Pion Reconstruction and Ion-Tracker Time Projection Chamber (S$pi$RIT TPC) was designed to enable measurements of heavy ion collisions with the SAMURAI spectrometer at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory and provide constraints on the Equation of State of neutron-rich nuclear matter. The S$pi$RIT TPC has a 50.5 cm drift length and an 86.4 cm $times$ 134.4 cm pad plane with 12,096 pads that are equipped with the Generic Electronics for TPCs readout electronics. The S$pi$RIT TPC allows excellent reconstruction of particles and provides isotopic resolution for pions and other light charged particles across a wide range of energy losses and momenta. Details of the S$pi$RIT TPC are presented, along with discussion of the TPC performance based on cosmic ray and experimental data.
A new time projection chamber (TPC) was developed for neutron lifetime measurement using a pulsed cold neutron spallation source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Managing considerable background events from natural sources and the beam radioactivity is a challenging aspect of this measurement. To overcome this problem, the developed TPC has unprecedented features such as the use of polyether-ether-ketone plates in the support structure and internal surfaces covered with $^6$Li-enriched tiles to absorb outlier neutrons. In this paper, the design and performance of the new TPC are reported in detail.
The MuCap experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute performed a high-precision measurement of the rate of the basic electroweak process of nuclear muon capture by the proton, $mu^- + p rightarrow n + u_mu$. The experimental approach was based on the use of a time projection chamber (TPC) that operated in pure hydrogen gas at a pressure of 10 bar and functioned as an active muon stopping target. The TPC detected the tracks of individual muon arrivals in three dimensions, while the trajectories of outgoing decay (Michel) electrons were measured by two surrounding wire chambers and a plastic scintillation hodoscope. The muon and electron detectors together enabled a precise measurement of the $mu p$ atoms lifetime, from which the nuclear muon capture rate was deduced. The TPC was also used to monitor the purity of the hydrogen gas by detecting the nuclear recoils that follow muon capture by elemental impurities. This paper describes the TPC design and performance in detail.
For experiments searching for rare signals, background events from the detector itself are one of the major limiting factors for search sensitivity. Screening for ultra-low radioactive detector material is becoming ever more essential. We propose to develop a gaseous Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with Micromegas readout for radio-screening purposes. The TPC records three-dimensional trajectories of charged particles emitted from a flat sample placed inside the active volume. The detector is able to distinguish the origin of an event and identify the particle types with information from trajectories, which improves the screening sensitivity significantly. For $alpha$ particles from the sample surface, we find that our proposed detector can reach a sensitivity of better than 100~$mu$Bq$cdot$m$^{-2}$ within two days.
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