No Arabic abstract
The main results of the article are short time estimates and asymptotic estimates for the first two order derivatives of the logarithmic heat kernel of a complete Riemannian manifold. We remove all curvature restrictions and also develop several techniques. A basic tool developed here is intrinsic stochastic variations with prescribed second order covariant differentials, allowing to obtain a path integration representation for the second order derivatives of the heat semigroup $P_t$ on a complete Riemannian manifold, again without any assumptions on the curvature. The novelty is the introduction of an $varepsilon^2$ term in the variation allowing greater control. We also construct a family of cut-off stochastic processes adapted to an exhaustion by compact subsets with smooth boundaries, each process is constructed path by path and differentiable in time, furthermore the differentials have locally uniformly bounded moments with respect to the Brownian motion measures, allowing to bypass the lack of continuity of the exit time of the Brownian motions on its initial position.
This paper provides explicit pointwise formulas for the heat kernel on compact metric measure spaces that belong to a $(mathbb{N}timesmathbb{N})$-parameter family of fractals which are regarded as projective limits of metric measure graphs and do not satisfy the volume doubling property. The formulas are applied to obtain uniform continuity estimates of the heat kernel and to derive an expression of the fundamental solution of the free Schrodinger equation. The results also open up the possibility to approach infinite dimensional spaces based on this model.
We give a direct proof of the sharp two-sided estimates, recently established in [4,9], for the Dirichlet heat kernel of the fractional Laplacian with gradient perturbation in $C^{1, 1}$ open sets by using Duhamel formula. We also obtain a gradient estimate for the Dirichlet heat kernel. Our assumption on the open set is slightly weaker in that we only require $D$ to be $C^{1,theta}$ for some $thetain (alpha/2, 1]$.
By using Duhamels formula, we prove sharp two-sided estimates for the heat kernel of spectral fractional Laplacian with time-dependent gradient perturbation in bounded $C^{1,1}$ domains. Moreover, we also obtain gradient estimate as well as Holder continuity of the gradient of the heat kernel.
In this survey article, we review the relation between heat kernels and path integrals. In particular, we review recent results on the approximation of the Wiener measure on compact manifold by measures on (finite-dimensional) spaces of piece-wise geodesics.
This study proposes a method to identify treatment effects without exclusion restrictions in randomized experiments with noncompliance. Exploiting a baseline survey commonly available in randomized experiments, I decompose the intention-to-treat effects conditional on the endogenous treatment status. I then identify these parameters to understand the effects of the assignment and treatment. The key assumption is that a baseline variable maintains rank orders similar to the control outcome. I also reveal that the change-in-changes strategy may work without repeated outcomes. Finally, I propose a new estimator that flexibly incorporates covariates and demonstrate its properties using two experimental studies.