We present a comprehensive multi-frequency study of the HBL 1ES 1959+650 using data from various facilities during the period 2016-2017, including X-ray data from {it AstroSat} and {it Swift} during the historically high X-ray flux state of the source observed until February 2021. The unprecedented quality of X-ray data from high cadence monitoring with the {it AstroSat} during 2016-2017 enables us to establish a detailed description of X-ray flares in 1ES 1959+650. The synchrotron peak shifts significantly between different flux states, in a manner consistent with a geometric (changing Doppler factor) interpretation. A time-dependent leptonic diffusive-shock-acceleration and radiation transfer model is used to reproduce the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and X-ray light curves, to provide insight into the particle acceleration during the major activity periods observed in 2016 and 2017. The extensive data of {it Swift}-XRT from December 2015 to February 2021 (Exp. = 411.3 ks) reveals a positive correlation between flux and peak position.
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