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Single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a key technology for depth imaging through complex environments. Despite recent advances, an open challenge is the ability to isolate the LiDAR signal from other spurious sources including background light and jamming signals. Here we show that a time-resolved coincidence scheme can address these challenges by exploiting spatiotemporal correlations between entangled photon pairs. We demonstrate that a photon-pair-based LiDAR can distill desired depth information in the presence of both synchronous and asynchronous spurious signals without prior knowledge of the scene and the target object. This result enables the development of robust and secure quantum LiDAR systems and paves the way to time-resolved quantum imaging applications.
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While quantum illumination (QI) can offer a quantum-enhancement in target detection, its potential for performing target ranging remains unclear. With its capabilities hinging on a joint-measurement between a returning signal and its retained idler, an unknown return time makes a QI-based protocol difficult to realise. This paper outlines a potential QI-based approach to quantum target ranging based on recent developments in multiple quantum hypothesis testing and quantum-enhanced channel position finding (CPF). Applying CPF to time bins, one finds an upper-bound on the error probability for quantum target ranging. However, using energetic considerations, we show that for such a scheme a quantum advantage may not physically be realised.
We present a technique for squeezed light detection based on direct imaging of the displaced-squeezed-vacuum state using a CCD camera. We show that the squeezing parameter can be accurately estimated using only the first two moments of the recorded pixel-to-pixel photon fluctuation statistics, with accuracy that rivals that of the standard squeezing detection methods such as a balanced homodyne detection. Finally, we numerically simulate the camera operation, reproducing the noisy experimental results with low signal samplings and confirming the theory with high signal samplings.
Quantum information theory sets the ultimate limits for any information-processing task. In rangefinding and LIDAR, the presence or absence of a target can be tested by detecting different states at the receiver. In this Letter, we use quantum hypothesis testing for an unknown coherent-state return signal in order to derive the limits of symmetric and asymmetric error probabilities of single-shot ranging experiments. We engineer a single measurement independent of the range, which in some cases saturates the quantum bound and for others is presumably the best measurement to approach it. In addition, we verify the theoretical predictions by performing numerical simulations. This work bridges the gap between quantum information and quantum sensing and engineering and will contribute to devising better ranging sensors, as well as setting the path for finding practical limits for other quantum tasks.
We experimentally demonstrate an imaging technique based on quantum noise modifications after interaction with an opaque object. This approach is particularly attractive for applications requiring weak illumination. We implement a homodyne-like detection scheme which allows us to eliminate detrimental effects of the cameras dark noise. Here we illuminate the object with squeezed vacuum containing less than one photon per frame, generated in an atomic ensemble, and reconstruct the shape of the object with higher contrast than the direct intensity imaging using 1000 times more photons.
Over the past decade, optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes were shown to offer advantages in optical information acquisition. Here, we introduce a new scheme for optical ranging in which depth is estimated through the angular rotation of petal-like patterns produced by superposition of OAM modes. Uncertainty of depth estimation in our strategy depends on how fast the petal-like pattern rotates and how precisely the rotation angle can be estimated. The impact of these two factors on ranging accuracy are analyzed in presence of noise. We show that focusing the probe beam provides a quadratic enhancement on ranging accuracy because rotation speed of the beam is inversely proportional to the square of beam radius. Uncertainty of depth estimation is also proportional to uncertainty of rotation estimation, which can be optimized by picking proper OAM superposition. Finally, we unveil the possibility of optical ranging for scattering surface with uncertainties of few micrometers under noise. Unlike existing methods which rely on continuous detection for a period of time to achieve such ranging accuracy, our scheme needs only single-shot measurement.
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