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Register a new userQuantum Fisher Cosmology: Confronting Observations and the Trans-Planckian Problem
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The aim of Quantum Fisher Cosmology is to use the quantum Fisher information about pure de Sitter states to derive model independent observational consequences of the existence of a primordial phase of the Universe of de Sitter accelerated expansion. These quantum features are encoded in a scale dependent quantum cosmological tilt that defines what we can call the de Sitter universality class. The experimental predictions are: i) A phase transition from red into blue tilt at a scale order $k= 1$ Mpc$^{-1}$ that naturally solves the cosmological trans-Planckian problem, ii) A spectral index for curvature fluctuations at CMB scales $k= 0.05$ Mpc$^{-1}$ equal to $0.0328$, iii) A tilt running at scale $k=0.002$ Mpc$^{-1}$ equal to $-0.0019$, iv) An enhancement of the amplitude of CMB peaks for extremely high multipoles ($l > 10^5$) that can provide a natural mechanism for primordial black hole formation as a source of dark matter, v) A lack of power at scales of $8$ Mpc with respect to the CMB scale that can explain the $sigma_8$ tension.
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In any conformally invariant gravitational theory, the space of exact solutions is greatly enlarged. The Weyls conformal invariance can then be spontaneously broken to spherically symmetric vacuum solutions that exclude the spacetime region inside the black holes event horizon from our Universe. We baptize these solutions conformalons. It turns out that for all such spacetimes nothing can reach the Schwarzschild event horizon in a finite amount of proper time for conformally coupled ``massive particles, or finite values of the affine parameter for massless particles. Therefore, for such vacuum solutions the event horizon is an asymptotic region of the Universe. As a general feature, all conformalons show a gravitational blueshift instead of a gravitational redshift at the unattainable event horizon, hence avoiding the Trans-Planckian problem in the Hawking evaporation process. The latter happens as usual near the event horizon, but now the annihilation process between the matter and Hawkings negative energy particles takes place outside of the event horizon. Indeed, in these solutions the gravitational collapse consists of matter that falls down forever towards the horizon without ever reaching it. According to a previous work that has been faithfully adapted to the conformalons scenario, the information is not lost in the whole process of singularity-free collapse and evaporation, as evident from the Penrose diagram.
We study the implications of the recently proposed Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture (TCC) for early universe cosmology and in particular inflationary cosmology. The TCC leads to the conclusion that if we want inflationary cosmology to provide a successful scenario for cosmological structure formation, the energy scale of inflation has to be lower than $10^9$ GeV. Demanding the correct amplitude of the cosmological perturbations then forces the generalized slow-roll parameter $epsilon$ of the model to be very small ($<10^{-31}$). This leads to the prediction of a negligible amplitude of primordial gravitational waves. For slow-roll inflation models, it also leads to severe fine tuning of initial conditions.
The recent measurement of a cutoff k_min in the fluctuation power spectrum P(k) of the cosmic microwave background may vitiate the possibility that slow-roll inflation can simultaneously solve the horizon problem and account for the formation of structure via the growth of quantum fluctuations in the inflaton field. Instead, we show that k_min may be interpreted more successfully in the R_h=ct cosmology, as the first mode exiting from the Planck scale into the semi-classical Universe shortly after the Big Bang. In so doing, we demonstrate that such a scenario completely avoids the well-known trans-Planckian problem plaguing standard inflationary cosmology.
I review the Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture (TCC) and its implications for cosmology, in particular for the inflationary universe scenario. Whereas the inflationary scenario is tightly constrained by the TCC, alternative early universe scenarios are not restricted.
If the inflationary phase lasted longer than the minimal period, the length scales observed today originate from modes that were smaller than the Planck length during inflation. It was recently argued that this trans-Planckian problem can never arise in a consistent string theory framework, which places a stringent constraint on the energy scale of inflation, $V^{1/4}lesssim 10^9$ GeV. In this paper, we show that this requirement corresponds to a very small Hubble scale during inflation, $H_{rm inf}lesssim 1$ GeV, and therefore has serious consequences on scenarios where the dark matter density was generated by amplification of quantum fluctuations during inflation. We also present a class of inflationary models which both satisfy the above limit for the scale of inflation and are in perfect agreement with observational data.
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