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John Ellis
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This paper describes my personal appreciation of some of Tini Veltmans great research achievements and how my own research career has followed the pathways he opened. Among the topics where he has been the most influential have been the pursuit and study of the Higgs boson and the calculation of radiative corrections that enabled the masses of the top quark and the Higgs boson to be predicted ahead of their discoveries. The search for physics beyond the Standard Model may require a complementary approach, such as the search for non-renormalizable interactions via the Standard Model Effective Field Theory.
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We briefly describe the similarities of the experiments of sperm motion in microfluidic strictures by Zafeeani et al. in 2019 (Sci. Adv. 5, eaav21111, 2019) and those by Altshuler et al. in 2013 (Soft Matter 9, 1864, 2013). We shortly discuss the hydrodynamic elements justifying the strong resemblance between the two types of experiments, and suggest that other previous results in E. coli motion (Soft Matter 11, 6248, 2015) may shed further light on the understanding of sperm migration.
I will argue that the same kind of reasoning, which led us to predict the opening of a new chapter in hadron physics, may shed some light on the existence of new physics at the as yet unexplored energy scales of LHC.
Maxwells mature presentation of his equations emphasized the unity of electromagnetism and mechanics, subsuming both as dynamical systems. That intuition of unity has proved both fruitful, as a source of pregnant concepts, and broadly inspiring. A deep aspect of Maxwells work is its use of redundant potentials, and the associated requirement of gauge symmetry. Those concepts have become central to our present understanding of fundamental physics, but they can appear to be rather formal and esoteric. Here I discuss two things: The physical significance of gauge invariance, in broad terms; and some tantalizing prospects for further unification, building on that concept, that are visible on the horizon today. If those prospects are realized, Maxwells vision of the unity of field and substance will be brought to a new level.
I review Stanley Mandelstams many contributions to particle physics, quantum field theory and string theory covering the years 1955 through 1980. His more recent work will be reviewed by Nathan Berkovits. This is my contribution to the Memorial Volume for Stanley Mandelstam (World Scientific, 2017).
John St. Bell was a physicist working most of his time at CERN and contributing intensively and sustainably to the development of Particle Physics and Collider Physics. As a hobby he worked on so-called foundations of quantum theory, that was that time very unpopular, even considered to be scientifically taboo. His 1964-theorem, showing that predictions of local realistic theories are different to those of quantum theory, initiated a new field in quantum physics: quantum information theory. The violation of Bells theorem, for instance, is a necessary and sufficient criterion for generating a secure key for cryptography at two distant locations. This contribution shows how Bells theorem can be brought to the realm of high energy physics and presents the first conclusive experimental feasible test for weakly decaying neutral mesons on the market. Strong experimental and theoretical limitations make a Bell test in weakly decaying systems such as mesons and hyperons very challenging, however, these systems show an unexpected and puzzling relation to another big open question: why is our Universe dominated by matter, why did the antimatter slip off the map? This long outstanding problem becomes a new perspective via the very idea behind quantum information.
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