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Skyrmions in a magnetic field and $pi^0$ domain wall formation in dense nuclear matter

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 Added by Zebin Qiu
 Publication date 2021
  fields
and research's language is English




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We elucidate magnetic effects in the Skyrmion system to probe into the dense nuclear matter. We find a deformed $pi^0$ dipole structure of a Skyrmion and quantify nontrivial rearrangements of the confining pressure distribution. We confirm an isospin-dependent baryon spectrum from the anomaly-induced action. We then extend our scope to stacked Skyrme Crystal layers to scrutinize phases of magnetized nuclear matter. We observe a quantized magnetic flux and identify a phase transition from a crystalline state to a $pi^0$ domain wall corresponding to a topological transmutation from $pi_3(S^3)$ to $pi_1(S^1)$. We establish the phase diagram, which could be explored also in analogous systems with two-component Bose-Einstein condensates.

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It is well established that the spin-orbit interaction in heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures leads to a significant interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (DMI) that modifies the internal structure of magnetic domain walls (DWs) to favor N{e}el over Bloch type configurations. However, the impact of such a transition on the structure and stability of internal DW defects (e.g., vertical Bloch lines) has not yet been explored. We present a combination of analytical and micromagnetic calculations to describe a new type of topological excitation called a DW Skyrmion characterized by a $360^circ$ rotation of the internal magnetization in a Dzyaloshinskii DW. We further propose a method to identify DW Skyrmions experimentally using Fresnel mode Lorentz TEM; simulated images of DW Skyrmions using this technique are presented based on the micromagnetic results.
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We study the nuclear symmetry energy of dense matter using holographic QCD. To this end, we consider two flavor branes with equal quark masses in a D4/D6/D6 model. We find that at all densities the symmetry energy monotonically increases. At small densities, it exhibits a power law behavior with the density, $E_{rm sym} sim rho^{1/2}$.
Exact solutions of the Dirac--Pauli equation for massive neutrino with anomalous magnetic moment interacting with dense matter and strong electromagnetic field are found. The complete system of neutrino wavefunctions, which show spin rotation properties are obtained and their possible applications are discussed.
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