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Register a new userTemporal cavity solitons and frequency combs via quantum interference
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Temporal cavity solitons in ring microresonators provide broad and controllable generation of frequency combs with applications in frequency standards and precise atomic clocks. Three level media in the {Lambda} configuration inside microresonators displaying electromagnetically induced transparency can be used for the generation of temporal cavity solitons and frequency combs in the presence of anomalous dispersion and two external driving fields close to resonance. Here, domain walls separating regions of two dark states due to quantum interference correspond to realizations of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage without input pulses. With no need of modulational instabilities, bright temporal cavity solitons and frequency combs are formed when these domain walls lock with each other. Wide stability ranges, close to resonance operation and optimal shape of the cavity solitons due to three-level quantum interference can make them preferable to those in two-level media.
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Recent advances in realizing optical frequency combs using nonlinear parametric processes in integrated photonic resonators have revolutionized on-chip optical clocks, spectroscopy, and multi-channel optical communications. At the same time, the introduction of topological physics in photonic systems has provided a new paradigm to engineer the flow of photons, and thereby, design photonic devices with novel functionalities and inherent robustness against fabrication disorders. Here, we use topological design principles to theoretically propose the generation of optical frequency combs and temporal Kerr solitons in a two-dimensional array of coupled ring resonators that creates a synthetic magnetic field for photons and exhibits topological edge states. We show that these topological edge states constitute a traveling-wave super-ring resonator that leads to the generation of coherent nested optical frequency combs, and self-formation of nested temporal solitons and Turing rolls that are remarkably phase-locked over >40 rings. In the nested soliton regime, our system operates as a pulsed optical frequency comb and achieves a mode efficiency of >50%, an order of magnitude higher than single ring frequency combs that are theoretically limited to only ~5%. Furthermore, we show that the topological nested solitons are robust against defects in the lattice. This topological frequency comb works in a parameter regime that can be readily accessed using existing low loss integrated photonic platforms like silicon-nitride. Our results could pave the way for efficient on-chip optical frequency combs, and investigations of various other soliton solutions in conjunction with synthetic gauge fields and topological phenomena in large arrays of coupled resonators.
We report on the experimental observation of bunching dynamics with temporal cavity solitons in a continuously-driven passive fibre resonator. Specifically, we excite a large number of ultrafast cavity solitons with random temporal separations, and observe in real time how the initially random sequence self-organizes into regularly-spaced aggregates. To explain our experimental observations, we develop a simple theoretical model that allows long-range acoustically-induced interactions between a large number of temporal cavity solitons to be simulated. Significantly, results from our simulations are in excellent agreement with our experimental observations, strongly suggesting that the soliton bunching dynamics arise from forward Brillouin scattering. In addition to confirming prior theoretical analyses and unveiling a new cavity soliton self-organization phenomenon, our findings elucidate the manner in which sound interacts with large ensembles of ultrafast pulses of light.
Frequency combs have become a prominent research area in optics. Of particular interest as integrated comb technology are chip-scale sources, such as semiconductor lasers and microresonators, which consist of resonators embedding a nonlinear medium either with or without population inversion. Such active and passive cavities were so far treated distinctly. Here we propose a formal unification by introducing a general equation that describes both types of cavities. The equation also captures the physics of a hybrid device - a semiconductor ring laser with an external optical drive - in which we show the existence of temporal solitons, previously identified only in microresonators, thanks to symmetry breaking and self-localization phenomena typical of spatially-extended dissipative systems.
We experimentally and numerically study the use of intensity modulation for the controlled addressing of temporal Kerr cavity solitons. Using a coherently driven fiber ring resonator, we demonstrate that a single temporally broad intensity modulation pulse applied on the cavity driving field permits systematic and efficient writing and erasing of ultrashort cavity solitons. We use numerical simulations based on the mean-field Lugiato-Lefever model to investigate the addressing dynamics, and present a simple physical description of the underlying physics.
Optical tweezers use laser light to trap and move microscopic particles in space. Here we demonstrate a similar control over ultrashort light pulses, but in time. Our experiment involves temporal cavity solitons that are stored in a passive loop of optical fiber pumped by a continuous-wave holding laser beam. The cavity solitons are trapped into specific time slots through a phase-modulation of the holding beam, and moved around in time by manipulating the phase profile. We report both continuous and discrete manipulations of the temporal positions of picosecond light pulses, with the ability to simultaneously and independently control several pulses within a train. We also study the transient drifting dynamics and show complete agreement with theoretical predictions. Our study demonstrates how the unique particle-like characteristics of cavity solitons can be leveraged to achieve unprecedented control over light. These results could have significant ramifications for optical information processing.
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