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Register a new userA D$_{2}$O detector for flux normalization of a pion decay-at-rest neutrino source
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We report on the technical design and expected performance of a 592 kg heavy-water-Cherenkov detector to measure the absolute neutrino flux from the pion-decay-at-rest neutrino source at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The detector will be located roughly 20 m from the SNS target and will measure the neutrino flux with better than 5% statistical uncertainty in 2 years. This heavy-water detector will serve as the first module of a two-module detector system to ultimately measure the neutrino flux to 2-3% at both the First Target Station and the planned Second Target Station of the SNS. This detector will significantly reduce a dominant systematic uncertainty for neutrino cross-section measurements at the SNS, increasing the sensitivity of searches for new physics.
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We introduce a novel approach to investigate CP violation in the neutrino sector, based on the simultaneous detection of $ u_e$ and $bar{ u}_e$ stemming from the oscillation of $ u_{mu}$ and $bar{ u}_{mu}$ produced in the decay at rest of $pi$s and $mu$s at a beam dump. This approach relies on a novel liquid scintillator detector technology expected to yield unprecedented identification of $ u_e$ and $bar{ u}_e$ charged-current interactions, which we investigate by means of Montecarlo simulations. Here we report preliminary results concerning both the detection technique and its physics reach.
This paper describes a novel directional neutron detector prototype. The low pressure time projection chamber uses a mix of helium and CF4 gases. The detector reconstructs the energy and angular distribution of fast neutron recoils. This paper reports results of energy calibration using an alpha source and angular reconstruction studies using a collimated neutron source. The best performance is obtained with a 12.5% CF4 gas mixture. At low energies the target for fast neutrons transitions is primarily helium, while at higher energies, the fluorine contributes as a target. The reconstruction efficiency is both energy and target dependent. For neutrons with energies less than 20 MeV, the reconstruction efficiency is ~40% for fluorine recoils and ~60% for helium recoils.
A liquid scintillator (LS) is developed for the Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO), a ton-level neutrino detector to measure the reactor antineutrino spectrum with sub-percent energy resolution by adopting Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) as photosensor. To reduce the dark noise of SiPMs to an acceptable level, the LS has to work at -50 degree or lower. A customized apparatus based on a charge-coupled device (CCD) is developed to study the transparency of the liquid samples in a cryostat. We find that the water content in LS results in transparency degradation at low temperature, which can be cured by bubbling dry nitrogen to remove water. Adding 0.05% ethanol as co-solvent cures the solubility decrease problem of the fluors PPO and bis-MSB at low temperature. Finally, a Gadoliniumdoped liquid scintillator (GdLS), with 0.1% Gd by weight, 2 g/L PPO, 1 mg/L bis-MSB, and 0.05% ethanol by weight in the solvent LAB, shows good transparency at -50 degree and also good light yield.
We report on the preparation of and calibration measurements with a $^{83mathrm{m}}$Kr source for the CENNS-10 liquid argon detector. $^{83mathrm{m}}$Kr atoms generated in the decay of a $^{83}$Rb source were introduced into the detector via injection into the Ar circulation loop. Scintillation light arising from the 9.4 keV and 32.1 keV conversion electrons in the decay of $^{83mathrm{m}}$Kr in the detector volume were then observed. This calibration source allows the characterization of the low-energy response of the CENNS-10 detector and is applicable to other low-energy-threshold detectors. The energy resolution of the detector was measured to be 9$%$ at the total $^{83mathrm{m}}$Kr decay energy of 41.5 keV. We performed an analysis to separately calibrate the detector using the two conversion electrons at 9.4 keV and 32.1 keV
A neutrino factory has unparalleled physics reach for the discovery and measurement of CP violation in the neutrino sector. A far detector for a neutrino factory must have good charge identification with excellent background rejection and a large mass. An elegant solution is to construct a magnetized iron neutrino detector (MIND) along the lines of MINOS, where iron plates provide a toroidal magnetic field and scintillator planes provide 3D space points. In this report, the current status of a simulation of a toroidal MIND for a neutrino factory is discussed in light of the recent measurements of large $theta_{13}$. The response and performance using the 10 GeV neutrino factory configuration are presented. It is shown that this setup has equivalent $delta_{CP}$ reach to a MIND with a dipole field and is sensitive to the discovery of CP violation over 85% of the values of $delta_{CP}$.
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