No Arabic abstract
In the present paper, quantization of a weakly nonideal Bose gas at zero temperature along the lines of the well-known Bogolyubov approach is performed. The analysis presented in this paper is based, in addition to the steps of the original Bogolyubov approach, on the use of nonoscillation modes (which are also solutions of the linearized Heisenberg equation) for recovering the canonical commutation relations in the linear approximation, as well as on the calculation of the first nonlinear correction to the solution of the linearized Heisenberg equation which satisfies the canonical commutation relations at the next order. It is shown that, at least in the case of free quasi-particles, consideration of the nonlinear correction solves the problem of nonconserved particle number, which is inherent to the original approach.
We study thermodynamic properties of weakly interacting Bose gases above the transition temperature of Bose-Einstein condensation in the framework of a thermodynamic perturbation theory. Cases of local and non-local interactions between particles are analyzed both analytically and numerically. We obtain and compare the temperature dependencies for the chemical potential, entropy, pressure, and specific heat to those of noninteracting gases. The results set reliable benchmarks for thermodynamic characteristics and their asymptotic behavior in dilute atomic and molecular Bose gases above the transition temperature.
In a Bose superfluid, the coupling between transverse (phase) and longitudinal fluctuations leads to a divergence of the longitudinal correlation function, which is responsible for the occurrence of infrared divergences in the perturbation theory and the breakdown of the Bogoliubov approximation. We report a non-perturbative renormalization-group (NPRG) calculation of the one-particle Green function of an interacting boson system at zero temperature. We find two regimes separated by a characteristic momentum scale $k_G$ (Ginzburg scale). While the Bogoliubov approximation is valid at large momenta and energies, $|p|,|w|/cgg k_G$ (with $c$ the velocity of the Bogoliubov sound mode), in the infrared (hydrodynamic) regime $|p|,|w|/cll k_G$ the normal and anomalous self-energies exhibit singularities reflecting the divergence of the longitudinal correlation function. In particular, we find that the anomalous self-energy agrees with the Bogoliubov result $Sigan(p,w)simeqconst$ at high-energies and behaves as $Sigan(p,w)sim (c^2p^2-w^2)^{(d-3)/2}$ in the infrared regime (with $d$ the space dimension), in agreement with the Nepomnyashchii identity $Sigan(0,0)=0$ and the predictions of Popovs hydrodynamic theory. We argue that the hydrodynamic limit of the one-particle Green function is fully determined by the knowledge of the exponent $3-d$ characterizing the divergence of the longitudinal susceptibility and the Ward identities associated to gauge and Galilean invariances. The infrared singularity of $Sigan(p,w)$ leads to a continuum of excitations (coexisting with the sound mode) which shows up in the one-particle spectral function.
We study the breathing oscillations in bose-fermi mixtures in the axially-symmetric deformed trap of prolate, spherical and oblate shapes, and clarify the deformation dependence of the frequencies and the characteristics of collective oscillations. The collective oscillations of the mixtures in deformed traps are calculated in the scaling method. In largely-deformed prolate and oblate limits and spherical limit, we obtain the analytical expressions of the collective frequencies. The full calculation shows that the collective oscillations become consistent with the analytically-obtained frequencies when the system is deformed into both prolate and oblate regions. The complicated changes of oscillation characters are shown to occur in the transcendental regions around the spherically-deformed region. We find that these critical changes of oscillation characters are explained by the level crossing behaviors of the intrinsic oscillation modes. The approximate expressions are obtained for the level crossing points that determine the transcendental regions. We also compare the results of the scaling methods with those of the dynamical approach.
Nonuniversal effects due to leading effective-range corrections are computed for the ground-state energy of the weakly-coupled repulsive Bose gas in two spatial dimensions. Using an effective field theory of contact interactions, these corrections are computed first by considering fluctuations around the mean-field free energy of a system of interacting bosons. This result is then confirmed by an exact calculation in which the energy of a finite number of bosons interacting in a square with period boundary conditions is computed and the thermodynamic limit is explicitly taken.
We study the localization properties of weakly interacting Bose gas in a quasiperiodic potential commonly known as Aubry-Andre model. Effect of interaction on localization is investigated by computing the `superfluid fraction and `inverse participation ratio. For interacting Bosons the inverse participation ratio increases very slowly after the localization transition due to `multisite localization of the wave function. We also study the localization in Aubry-Andre model using an alternative approach of classical dynamical map, where the localization is manifested by chaotic classical dynamics. For weakly interacting Bose gas, Bogoliubov quasiparticle spectrum and condensate fraction are calculated in order to study the loss of coherence with increasing disorder strength. Finally we discuss the effect of trapping potential on localization of matter wave.