In this paper, the thermodynamics and the stability of horizon of the charged AdS black hole surrounded by quintessence and cloud of strings in d-dimensional spacetime are studied via the scalar field scattering and the charged particle absorption. The cosmological constant is interpreted as a thermodynamics variable. During the study, we consider the case where the energy of the particle(scalar field) is related to the internal energy of the black hole. Furthermore, we also consider another assumption, which is proposed in [Phys. Rev. D 100, no.10, 104022 (2019)]. This assumption considers that the energy of the particle(scalar field) is related to the internal energy of the black hole. In addition, we compare and discuss the results obtained under these two assumptions. At the same time, we also considered the effect of the dimension. The thermodynamics of black holes in different dimensions has also been studied and compared.