No Arabic abstract
We compare the ground-state features of alternating ferrimagnetic chains $(1/2, S)$ with $S=1,3/2,2,5/2$ in a magnetic field and the corresponding Holstein-Primakoff bosonic models up to order $sqrt{s/S}$, with $s=1/2$, considering the fully polarized magnetization as the boson vacuum. {The single-particle Hamiltonian is a Rice-Mele model with uniform hopping and modified boundaries, while the interactions have a correlated (density-dependent) hopping term and magnon-magnon repulsion.} The magnon-magnon repulsion increases the many-magnon energy and the density-dependent hopping decreases the kinetic energy. We use density matrix renormalization group calculations to investigate the effects of these two interaction terms in the bosonic model{, and display the quantitative agreement between the results from the spin model and the full bosonic approximation. In particular, we verify the good accordance in the behavior of the edge states, associated with the ferrimagnetic plateau, from the spin and from the bosonic models. Furthermore, we show that the boundary magnon density strongly depends on the interactions and particle statistics.
Revealing the spin excitations of complex quantum magnets is key to developing a minimal model that explains the underlying magnetic correlations in the ground state. We investigate the low-energy magnons in $alpha$-RuCl$_3$ by combining time-domain terahertz spectroscopy under an external magnetic field and model Hamiltonian calculations. We observe two absorption peaks around 2.0 and 2.4 meV, which we attribute to zone-center spin waves. Using linear spin-wave theory with only nearest-neighbor terms of the exchange couplings, we calculate the antiferromagnetic resonance frequencies and reveal their dependence on an external field applied parallel to the nearest-neighbor Ru-Ru bonds. We find that the magnon behavior in an applied magnetic field can be understood only by including an off-diagonal $Gamma$ exchange term to the minimal Heisenberg-Kitaev model. Such an anisotropic exchange interaction that manifests itself as a result of strong spin-orbit coupling can naturally account for the observed mixing of the modes at higher fields strengths.
We theoretically show that the Kitaev interaction generates a novel class of spin texture in the excitation spectrum of the antiferromagnetic insulator found in the Kitaev-Heisenberg-$Gamma$ model. In conducting electronic systems, there is a series of vortex type of spin texture along the Fermi surface induced by Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. Such spin textures are rarely found in magnetic insulators, since there had been no systematic ways to control the kinetics of its quasi-particle called magnon using a magnetic field or spacially asymmetric exchange couplings. Here, we propose a general framework to explore such spin textures in arbitrary insulating antiferromagnets. We introduce an analytical method to transform any complicated Hamiltonian to the simple representation based on pseudo-spin degrees of freedom. The direction of the pseudo-spin on a Bloch sphere describes the degree of contributions from the two magnetic sublattices to the spin moment carried by the magnon. The momentum dependent fictitious Zeeman field determines the direction of the pseudo-spin and thus becomes the control parameter of the spin texture, which is explicitly described by the original model parameters. The framework enabled us to clarify the uncovered aspect of the Kitaev interaction, and further provides a tool to easily design or explore materials with intriguing magnetic properties. Since these spin textures can be a source of a pure spin current, the Kitaev materials $A_{2}$PrO$_{3}$ ($A$ =Li, Na) shall become a potential platform of power-saving spintronics devices.
We have used a combination of neutron resonant spin-echo and triple-axis spectroscopies to determine the energy and linewidth of the magnon resonance in IPA-Cu(Cl$_{0.95}$Br$_{0.05}$)$_3$, a model spin-1/2 ladder antiferromagnet where Br substitution induces bond randomness. We find that the bond defects induce a blueshift, $delta Delta$, and broadening, $delta Gamma$, of the magnon gap excitation compared to the pure compound. At temperatures exceeding the energy scale of the inter-ladder exchange interactions, $delta Delta$ and $delta Gamma$ are temperature independent within the experimental error, in agreement with Matthiessens rule according to which magnon-defect scattering yields a temperature independent contribution to the magnon mean free path. Upon cooling, $delta Delta$ and $delta Gamma$ become temperature dependent and saturate at values lower than those observed at higher temperature, consistent with the crossover from one-dimensional to two-dimensional spin correlations with decreasing temperature previously observed in pure IPA-CuCl$_3$. These results indicate limitations in the applicability of Matthiessens rule for magnon scattering in low-dimensional magnets.
Synthetic antiferromagnet, comprised of two ferromagnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic layer, possesses two uniform precession resonance modes: in-phase acoustic mode and out-of-phase optic mode. In this work, we theoretically and numerically demonstrated the strong coupling between acoustic and optic magnon modes. The strong coupling is attributed to the symmetry breaking of the system, which can be realized by tilting the bias field or constructing an asymmetrical synthetic antiferromagnet. It is found that the coupling strength can be highly adjusted by tuning the tilting angle of bias field, the magnitude of antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling, and the thicknesses of ferromagnetic layers. Furthermore, the coupling between acoustic and optic magnon modes can even reach the ultrastrong coupling regime. Our findings show high promise for investigating quantum phenomenon with a magnonic platform.
NiNb$_{2}$O$_{6}$ is an almost ideal realization of a 1D spin-1 ferromagnetic Heisenberg chain compound with weak unidirectional anisotropy. Using time-domain THz spectroscopy, we measure the low-energy electrodynamic response of NiNb$_{2}$O$_{6}$ as a function of temperature and external magnetic field. At low temperatures, we find a magnon-like spin-excitation, which corresponds to the lowest energy excitation at $qsim0$. At higher temperatures, we unexpectedly observe a temperature-dependent renormalization of the spin-excitation energy, which has a strong dependence on field direction. Using theoretical arguments, exact diagonalizations and finite temperature dynamical Lanczos calculations, we construct a picture of magnon-magnon interactions that naturally explains the observed renormalization. This unique scenario is a consequence of the spin-1 nature and has no analog in the more widely studied spin-1/2 systems.