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Register a new userKnowledge discovery from emergency ambulance dispatch during COVID-19: A case study of Nagoya City, Japan
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Accurate forecasting of medical service requirements is an important big data problem that is crucial for resource management in critical times such as natural disasters and pandemics. With the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), several concerns have been raised regarding the ability of medical systems to handle sudden changes in the daily routines of healthcare providers. One significant problem is the management of ambulance dispatch and control during a pandemic. To help address this problem, we first analyze ambulance dispatch data records from April 2014 to August 2020 for Nagoya City, Japan. Significant changes were observed in the data during the pandemic, including the state of emergency (SoE) declared across Japan. In this study, we propose a deep learning framework based on recurrent neural networks to estimate the number of emergency ambulance dispatches (EADs) during a SoE. The fusion of data includes environmental factors, the localization data of mobile phone users, and the past history of EADs, thereby providing a general framework for knowledge discovery and better resource management. The results indicate that the proposed blend of training data can be used efficiently in a real-world estimation of EAD requirements during periods of high uncertainties such as pandemics.
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From global pandemics to geopolitical turmoil, leaders in logistics, product allocation, procurement and operations are facing increasing difficulty with safeguarding their organizations against supply chain vulnerabilities. It is recommended to opt for forecasting against trending based benchmark because auditing a future forecast puts more focus on seasonality. The forecasting models provide with end-to-end, real time oversight of the entire supply chain, while utilizing predictive analytics and artificial intelligence to identify potential disruptions before they occur. By combining internal and external data points, coming up with an AI-enabled modelling engine can greatly reduce risk by helping retail companies proactively respond to supply and demand variability. This research paper puts focus on creating an ingenious way to tackle the impact of COVID19 on Supply chain, product allocation, trending and seasonality. Key words: Supply chain, covid-19, forecasting, coronavirus, manufacturing, seasonality, trending, retail.
The COVID-19 pandemic has spawned a diverse body of scientific literature that is challenging to navigate, stimulating interest in automated tools to help find useful knowledge. We pursue the construction of a knowledge base (KB) of mechanisms -- a fundamental concept across the sciences encompassing activities, functions and causal relations, ranging from cellular processes to economic impacts. We extract this information from the natural language of scientific papers by developing a broad, unified schema that strikes a balance between relevance and breadth. We annotate a dataset of mechanisms with our schema and train a model to extract mechanism relations from papers. Our experiments demonstrate the utility of our KB in supporting interdisciplinary scientific search over COVID-19 literature, outperforming the prominent PubMed search in a study with clinical experts.
A major challenge in consumer credit risk portfolio management is to classify households according to their risk profile. In order to build such risk profiles it is necessary to employ an approach that analyses data systematically in order to detect important relationships, interactions, dependencies and associations amongst the available continuous and categorical variables altogether and accurately generate profiles of most interesting household segments according to their credit risk. The objective of this work is to employ a knowledge discovery from database process to identify groups of indebted households and describe their profiles using a database collected by the Consumer Credit Counselling Service (CCCS) in the UK. Employing a framework that allows the usage of both categorical and continuous data altogether to find hidden structures in unlabelled data it was established the ideal number of clusters and such clusters were described in order to identify the households who exhibit a high propensity of excessive debt levels.
COVID-19 is a new pandemic disease that is affecting almost every country with a negative impact on social life and economic activities. The number of infected and deceased patients continues to increase globally. Mathematical models can help in developing better strategies to contain a pandemic. Considering multiple measures taken by African governments and challenging socio-economic factors, simple models cannot fit the data. We studied the dynamical evolution of COVID-19 in selected African countries. We derived a time-dependent reproduction number for each country studied to offer further insights into the spread of COVID-19 in Africa.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an urgent need to move to online teaching and develop innovations to guarantee the Student Learning Outcomes (SLOs) are being fulfilled. The contributions of this paper are two-fold: the effects of an experimented teaching strategy, i.e. multi-course project-based learning (MPL) approach, are presented followed with online assessment techniques investigation for senior level electrical engineering (EE) courses at Qatar University. The course project of the senior course was designed in such a way that it helps in simultaneously attaining the objectives of the senior and capstone courses, that the students were taking at the same time. It is known that the MPL approach enhances the critical thinking capacity of students which is also a major outcome of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). The developed project ensures the fulfillment of a series of SLOs, that are concentrated on soft engineering and project management skills. The difficulties of adopting the MPL method for the senior level courses are in aligning the project towards fulfilling the learning outcomes of every individual course. The study also provides the students feedback on online assessment techniques incorporated with the MPL, due to online teaching during COVID-19 pandemic. In order to provide a benchmark and to highlight the obtained results, the innovative teaching approaches were compared to conventional methods taught on the same senior course in a previous semester. Based on the feedback from teachers and students from previously conducted case study it was believed that the MPL approach would support the students. With the statistical analysis (Chi-square, two-tailed T statistics and hypothesis testing using z-test) it can be concluded that the MPL and online assessment actually help to achieve better attainment of the SLOs, even during a pandemic situation.
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