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Register a new userMinimum Principle on Specific Entropy and High-Order Accurate Invariant Region Preserving Numerical Methods for Relativistic Hydrodynamics
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Kailiang Wu
Publication date
2021
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
Authors
Kailiang Wu
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This paper explores Tadmors minimum entropy principle for the relativistic hydrodynamics (RHD) equations and incorporates this principle into the design of robust high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) and finite volume schemes for RHD on general meshes. The schemes are proven to preserve numerical solutions in a global invariant region constituted by all the known intrinsic constraints: minimum entropy principle, the subluminal constraint on fluid velocity, and the positivity of pressure and rest-mass density. Relativistic effects lead to some essential difficulties in the present study, which are not encountered in the non-relativistic case. Most notably, in the RHD case the specific entropy is a highly nonlinear implicit function of the conservative variables, and, moreover, there is also no explicit formula of the flux in terms of the conservative variables. In order to overcome the resulting challenges, we first propose a novel equivalent form of the invariant region, by skillfully introducing two auxiliary variables. As a notable feature, all the constraints in the novel form are explicit and linear with respect to the conservative variables. This provides a highly effective approach to theoretically analyze the invariant-region-preserving (IRP) property of schemes for RHD, without any assumption on the IRP property of the exact Riemann solver. Based on this, we prove the convexity of the invariant region and establish the generalized Lax--Friedrichs splitting properties via technical estimates, lying the foundation for our IRP analysis. It is shown that the first-order Lax--Friedrichs scheme for RHD satisfies a local minimum entropy principle and is IRP under a CFL condition. Provably IRP high-order DG and finite volume methods are developed for the RHD with the help of a simple scaling limiter. Several numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
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This paper develops high-order accurate entropy stable (ES) adaptive moving mesh finite difference schemes for the two- and three-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamic (RHD) and magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) equations, which is the high-order accurate extension of [J.M. Duan and H.Z. Tang, Entropy stable adaptive moving mesh schemes for 2D and 3D special relativistic hydrodynamics, J. Comput. Phys., 426(2021), 109949]. The key point is the derivation of the higher-order accurate entropy conservative (EC) and ES finite difference schemes in the curvilinear coordinates by carefully dealing with the discretization of the temporal and spatial metrics and the Jacobian of the coordinate transformation and constructing the high-order EC and ES fluxes with the discrete metrics. The spatial derivatives in the source terms of the symmetrizable RMHD equations and the geometric conservation laws are discretized by using the linear combinations of the corresponding second-order case to obtain high-order accuracy. Based on the proposed high-order accurate EC schemes and the high-order accurate dissipation terms built on the WENO reconstruction, the high-order accurate ES schemes are obtained for the RHD and RMHD equations in the curvilinear coordinates. The mesh iteration redistribution or adaptive moving mesh strategy is built on the minimization of the mesh adaption functional. Several numerical tests are conducted to validate the shock-capturing ability and high efficiency of our high-order accurate ES adaptive moving mesh methods on the parallel computer system with the MPI communication. The numerical results show that the high-order accurate ES adaptive moving mesh schemes outperform both their counterparts on the uniform mesh and the second-order ES adaptive moving mesh schemes.
This paper develops the high-order accurate entropy stable finite difference schemes for one- and two-dimensional special relativistic hydrodynamic equations. The schemes are built on the entropy conservative flux and the weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) technique as well as explicit Runge-Kutta time discretization. The key is to technically construct the affordable entropy conservative flux of the semi-discrete second-order accurate entropy conservative schemes satisfying the semi-discrete entropy equality for the found convex entropy pair. As soon as the entropy conservative flux is derived, the dissipation term can be added to give the semi-discrete entropy stable schemes satisfying the semi-discrete entropy inequality with the given convex entropy function. The WENO reconstruction for the scaled entropy variables and the high-order explicit Runge-Kutta time discretization are implemented to obtain the fully-discrete high-order schemes. Several numerical tests are conducted to validate the accuracy and the ability to capture discontinuities of our entropy stable schemes.
This paper studies high-order accurate entropy stable nodal discontinuous Galerkin (DG) schemes for the ideal special relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD). It is built on the modified RMHD equations with a particular source term, which is analogous to the Powells eight-wave formulation and can be symmetrized so that an entropy pair is obtained. We design an affordable fully consistent two-point entropy conservative flux, which is not only consistent with the physical flux, but also maintains the zero parallel magnetic component, and then construct high-order accurate semi-discrete entropy stable DG schemes based on the quadrature rules and the entropy conservative and stable fluxes. They satisfy the semidiscrete entropy inequality for the given entropy pair and are integrated in time by using the high-order explicit strong stability preserving Runge-Kutta schemes to get further the fully-discrete nodal DG schemes. Extensive numerical tests are conducted to validate the accuracy and the ability to capture discontinuities of our schemes. Moreover, our entropy conservative flux is compared to an existing flux through some numerical tests. The results show that the zero parallel magnetic component in the numerical flux can help to decrease the error in the parallel magnetic component in one-dimensional tests, but two entropy conservative fluxes give similar results since the error in the magnetic field divergence seems dominated in the two-dimensional tests.
In this paper, we will develop a class of high order asymptotic preserving (AP) discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods for nonlinear time-dependent gray radiative transfer equations (GRTEs). Inspired by the work cite{Peng2020stability}, in which stability enhanced high order AP DG methods are proposed for linear transport equations, we propose to pernalize the nonlinear GRTEs under the micro-macro decomposition framework by adding a weighted linear diffusive term. In the diffusive limit, a hyperbolic, namely $Delta t=mathcal{O}(h)$ where $Delta t$ and $h$ are the time step and mesh size respectively, instead of parabolic $Delta t=mathcal{O}(h^2)$ time step restriction is obtained, which is also free from the photon mean free path. The main new ingredient is that we further employ a Picard iteration with a predictor-corrector procedure, to decouple the resulting global nonlinear system to a linear system with local nonlinear algebraic equations from an outer iterative loop. Our scheme is shown to be asymptotic preserving and asymptotically accurate. Numerical tests for one and two spatial dimensional problems are performed to demonstrate that our scheme is of high order, effective and efficient.
This paper extends the second-order accurate BGK finite volume schemes for the ultra-relativistic flow simulations [5] to the 1D and 2D special relativistic hydrodynamics with the Synge equation of state. It is shown that such 2D schemes are very time-consuming due to the moment integrals (triple integrals) so that they are no longer practical. In view of this, the simplified BGK (sBGK) schemes are presented by removing some terms in the approximate nonequilibrium distribution at the cell interface for the BGK scheme without loss of accuracy. They are practical because the moment integrals of the approximate distribution can be reduced to the single integrals by some coordinate transformations. The relations between the left and right states of the shock wave, rarefaction wave, and contact discontinuity are also discussed, so that the exact solution of the 1D Riemann problem could be derived and used for the numerical comparisons. Several numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate that the proposed gas-kinetic schemes are accurate and stable. A comparison of the sBGK schemes with the BGK scheme in one dimension shows that the former performs almost the same as the latter in terms of the accuracy and resolution, but is much more efficiency.
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