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Register a new userAssembly of a rovibrational ground state molecule in an optical tweezer
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Added by
William B. Cairncross
Publication date
2021
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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We demonstrate the coherent creation of a single NaCs molecule in its rotational, vibrational, and electronic (rovibronic) ground state in an optical tweezer. Starting with a weakly bound Feshbach molecule, we locate a two-photon transition via the $|{c^3Sigma,v=26}rangle$ excited state and drive coherent Rabi oscillations between the Feshbach state and a single hyperfine level of the NaCs rovibronic ground state $|{X^1Sigma,v=0,N=0}rangle$ with a binding energy of $D_0 = h times 147038.30(2)$ GHz. We measure a lifetime of $3.4pm1.6$ s for the rovibronic ground-state molecule, which possesses a large molecule-frame dipole moment of 4.6 Debye and occupies predominantly the motional ground state. These long-lived, fully quantum-state-controlled individual dipolar molecules provide a key resource for molecule-based quantum simulation and information processing.
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We demonstrate the formation of a single NaCs molecule in an optical tweezer by magnetoassociation through an s-wave Feshbach resonance at 864.11(5)G. Starting from single atoms cooled to their motional ground states, we achieve conversion efficiencies of 47(1)%, and measure a molecular lifetime of 4.7(7)ms. By construction, the single molecules are predominantly (77(5)%) in the center-of-mass motional ground state of the tweezer. Furthermore, we produce a single p-wave molecule near 807G by first preparing one of the atoms with one quantum of motional excitation. Our creation of a single weakly bound molecule in a designated internal state in the motional ground state of an optical tweezer is a crucial step towards coherent control of single molecules in optical tweezer arrays.
The multichannel Na-Cs interactions are characterized by a series of measurements using two atoms in an optical tweezer, along with a multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT). The triplet and singlet scattering lengths are measured by performing Raman spectroscopy of the Na-Cs motional states and least-bound molecular state in the tweezer. Magnetic Feshbach resonances are observed for only two atoms at fields which agree well with the MQDT. Our methodology, which promotes the idea of an effective theory of interaction, can be a key step towards the understanding and the description of more complex interactions. The tweezer-based measurements in particular will be an important tool for atom-molecule and molecule-molecule interactions, where high densities are experimentally challenging and where the interactions can be dominated by intra-species processes.
We demonstrate full quantum state control of two species of single atoms using optical tweezers and assemble the atoms into a molecule. Our demonstration includes 3D ground-state cooling of a single atom (Cs) in an optical tweezer, transport by several microns with minimal heating, and merging with a single Na atom. Subsequently, both atoms occupy the simultaneous motional ground state with 61(4)% probability. This realizes a sample of exactly two co-trapped atoms near the phase-space-density limit of one, and allows for efficient stimulated-Raman transfer of a pair of atoms into a molecular bound state of the triplet electronic ground potential $a^3Sigma^+$. The results are key steps toward coherent creation of single ultracold molecules, for future exploration of quantum simulation and quantum information processing.
We report the realization of a heteronuclear two-atom of $^{87}$Rb-$^{85}$Rb in the ground state of an optical tweezer (OT). Starting by trapping two different isotopic single atoms, a $^{87}$Rb and a $^{85}$Rb in two strongly focused and linearly polarized OT with 4 $mu$m apart, we perform simultaneously three dimensional Raman sideband cooling for both atoms and the obtained 3D ground state probabilities of $^{87}$Rb and $^{85}$Rb are 0.91(5) and 0.91(10) respectively. There is no obvious crosstalk observed during the cooling process. We then merge them into one tweezer via a species-dependent transport, where the species-dependent potentials are made by changing the polarization of the OTs for each species from linear polarization to the desired circular polarization. The measurable increment of vibrational quantum due to merging is $0.013(1)$ for the axial dimension. This two-atom system can be used to investigate cold collisional physics, to form quantum logic gates, and to build a single heteronuclear molecule. It can also be scaled up to few-atom regime and extended to other atomic species and molecules, and thus to ultracold chemistry.
We present programmable two-dimensional arrays of microscopic atomic ensembles consisting of more than 400 sites with nearly uniform filling and small atom number fluctuations. Our approach involves direct projection of light patterns from a digital micromirror device with high spatial resolution onto an optical pancake trap acting as a reservoir. This makes it possible to load large arrays of tweezers in a single step with high occupation numbers and low power requirements per tweezer. Each atomic ensemble is confined to $sim 1,mu$m$^3$ with a controllable occupation from 20 to 200 atoms and with (sub)-Poissonian atom number fluctuations. Thus they are ideally suited for quantum simulation and for realizing large arrays of collectively encoded Rydberg-atom qubits for quantum information processing.
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