A good understanding of the transverse momentum $(p_T)$ spectra is pivotal in the study of QCD matter created during the heavy-ion collision. Considering the difference in the underlying particle production mechanism, $p_T$ spectra can be divided into two distinct regions. Low-$p_T$ region corresponds to particle produced in soft-processes whereas particles produced in hard processes dominate the high-$p_T$ regime of the spectra. We will discuss a unified formalism to explain both low as well as high-$p_T$ region of the transverse momentum spectra in a consistent manner. This unified formalism is based on the generalisation of non-extensive statistical mechanics using the Pearson distribution. This generalised formalism also gives a strong insight into the study of elliptic flow in heavy-ion collision.
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