A detailed electronic phase diagram of perovskite-type oxides Sr$_{1-x}$La$_x$FeO$_3$ $(0leq x leq 0.5)$ was established by synchrotron X-ray diffraction, magnetization, and transport measurements for polycrystalline samples synthesized by a high-pressure technique. Among three kinds of helimagnetic phases in SrFeO$_3$ at zero field, two of them showing multiple-${it q}$ helimagnetic spin textures tend to rapidly disappear in cubic symmetry upon the La substitution with $x$ less than 0.1, which accompanies the loss of metallic nature. On the other hand, the third helimagnetic phase apparently remains robustly in Sr$_{1-x}$La$_x$FeO$_3$ with $x$ higher than 0.1, followed by merging to the spin/charge ordered phase with $xsim 1/3$. We propose an important role of itinerant ligand holes on the emergence of multiple-${it q}$ states and a possible link between the third (putative single-${it q}$) helimagnetic phase in SrFeO$_3$ and the spin/charge ordered phase in Sr$_{2/3}$La$_{1/3}$FeO$_3$.
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