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We study the configuration spaces C(n;p,q) of n labeled hard squares in a p by q rectangle, a generalization of the well-known 15 Puzzle. Our main interest is in the topology of these spaces. Our first result is to describe a cubical cell complex and prove that is homotopy equivalent to the configuration space. We then focus on determining for which n, j, p, and q the homology group $H_j [ C(n;p,q) ]$ is nontrivial. We prove three homology-vanishing theorems, based on discrete Morse theory on the cell complex. Then we describe several explicit families of nontrivial cycles, and a method for interpolating between parameters to fill in most of the picture for large-scale nontrivial homology.
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We study configuration spaces of framed points on compact manifolds. Such configuration spaces admit natural actions of the framed little discs operads, that play an important role in the study of embedding spaces of manifolds and in factorization homology. We construct real combinatorial models for these operadic modules, for compact smooth manifolds without boundary.
Hepworth, Willerton, Leinster and Shulman introduced the magnitude homology groups for enriched categories, in particular, for metric spaces. The purpose of this paper is to describe the magnitude homology group of a metric space in terms of order complexes of posets. In a metric space, an interval (the set of points between two chosen points) has a natural poset structure, which is called the interval poset. Under additional assumptions on sizes of $4$-cuts, we show that the magnitude chain complex can be constructed using tensor products, direct sums and degree shifts from order complexes of interval posets. We give several applications. First, we show the vanishing of higher magnitude homology groups for convex subsets of the Euclidean space. Second, magnitude homology groups carry the information about the diameter of a hole. Third, we construct a finite graph whose $3$rd magnitude homology group has torsion.
The equivariant cohomology of the classical configuration space $F(mathbb{R}^d,n)$ has been been of great interest and has been studied intensively starting with the classical papers by Artin (1925/1947) on the theory of braids, by Fox and Neuwirth (1962), Fadell and Neuwirth (1962), and Arnold (1969). We give a brief treatment of the subject from the beginnings to recent developments. However, we focus on the mod 2 equivariant cohomology algebras of the classical configuration space $F(mathbb{R}^d,n)$, as described in an influential paper by Hung (1990). We show with a new, detailed proof that his main result is correct, but that the arguments that were given by Hung on the way to his result are not, as are some of the intermediate results in his paper. This invalidates a paper by three of the present authors, Blagojevic, Luck & Ziegler (2016), who used a claimed intermediate result from Hung (1990) in order to derive lower bounds for the existence of $k$-regular and $ell$-skew embeddings. Using our new proof for Hungs main result, we get new lower bounds for existence of highly regular embeddings: Some of them agree with the previously claimed bounds, some are weaker.
A $Gamma$-magic rectangle set $MRS_{Gamma}(a, b; c)$ of order $abc$ is a collection of $c$ arrays $(atimes b)$ whose entries are elements of group $Gamma$, each appearing once, with all row sums in every rectangle equal to a constant $omegain Gamma$ and all column sums in every rectangle equal to a constant $delta in Gamma$. In this paper we prove that for ${a,b} eq{2^{alpha},2k+1}$ where $alpha$ and $k$ are some natural numbers, a $Gamma$-magic rectangle set MRS$_{Gamma}(a, b;c)$ exists if and only if $a$ and $b$ are both even or and $|Gamma|$ is odd or $Gamma$ has more than one involution. Moreover we obtain sufficient and necessary conditions for existence a $Gamma$-magic rectangle MRS$_{Gamma}(a, b)$=MRS$_{Gamma}(a, b;1)$.
Let $T^n$ be the real $n$-torus group. We give a new definition of lens spaces and study the diffeomorphic classification of lens spaces. We show that any $3$-dimensional lens space $L(p; q)$ is $T^2$-equivariantly cobordant to zero. We also give some sufficient conditions for higher dimensional lens spaces $L(p; q_1, ldots, q_n)$ to be $T^{n+1}$-equivariantly cobordant to zero. In 2005, B. Hanke showed that complex equivariant cobordism class of a lens space is trivial. Nevertheless, our proofs are constructive using toric topological arguments.
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