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Register a new userSelf-Attention Generative Adversarial Network for Speech Enhancement
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Added by
Huy Phan
Publication date
2020
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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Existing generative adversarial networks (GANs) for speech enhancement solely rely on the convolution operation, which may obscure temporal dependencies across the sequence input. To remedy this issue, we propose a self-attention layer adapted from non-local attention, coupled with the convolutional and deconvolutional layers of a speech enhancement GAN (SEGAN) using raw signal input. Further, we empirically study the effect of placing the self-attention layer at the (de)convolutional layers with varying layer indices as well as at all of them when memory allows. Our experiments show that introducing self-attention to SEGAN leads to consistent improvement across the objective evaluation metrics of enhancement performance. Furthermore, applying at different (de)convolutional layers does not significantly alter performance, suggesting that it can be conveniently applied at the highest-level (de)convolutional layer with the smallest memory overhead.
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The speech enhancement task usually consists of removing additive noise or reverberation that partially mask spoken utterances, affecting their intelligibility. However, little attention is drawn to other, perhaps more aggressive signal distortions like clipping, chunk elimination, or frequency-band removal. Such distortions can have a large impact not only on intelligibility, but also on naturalness or even speaker identity, and require of careful signal reconstruction. In this work, we give full consideration to this generalized speech enhancement task, and show it can be tackled with a time-domain generative adversarial network (GAN). In particular, we extend a previous GAN-based speech enhancement system to deal with mixtures of four types of aggressive distortions. Firstly, we propose the addition of an adversarial acoustic regression loss that promotes a richer feature extraction at the discriminator. Secondly, we also make use of a two-step adversarial training schedule, acting as a warm up-and-fine-tune sequence. Both objective and subjective evaluations show that these two additions bring improved speech reconstructions that better match the original speaker identity and naturalness.
Speech enhancement aims to obtain speech signals with high intelligibility and quality from noisy speech. Recent work has demonstrated the excellent performance of time-domain deep learning methods, such as Conv-TasNet. However, these methods can be degraded by the arbitrary scales of the waveform induced by the scale-invariant signal-to-noise ratio (SI-SNR) loss. This paper proposes a new framework called Time-domain Speech Enhancement Generative Adversarial Network (TSEGAN), which is an extension of the generative adversarial network (GAN) in time-domain with metric evaluation to mitigate the scaling problem, and provide model training stability, thus achieving performance improvement. In addition, we provide a new method based on objective function mapping for the theoretical analysis of the performance of Metric GAN, and explain why it is better than the Wasserstein GAN. Experiments conducted demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method, and illustrate the advantage of Metric GAN.
The generative adversarial networks (GANs) have facilitated the development of speech enhancement recently. Nevertheless, the performance advantage is still limited when compared with state-of-the-art models. In this paper, we propose a powerful Dynamic Attention Recursive GAN called DARGAN for noise reduction in the time-frequency domain. Different from previous works, we have several innovations. First, recursive learning, an iterative training protocol, is used in the generator, which consists of multiple steps. By reusing the network in each step, the noise components are progressively reduced in a step-wise manner. Second, the dynamic attention mechanism is deployed, which helps to re-adjust the feature distribution in the noise reduction module. Third, we exploit the deep Griffin-Lim algorithm as the module for phase postprocessing, which facilitates further improvement in speech quality. Experimental results on Voice Bank corpus show that the proposed GAN achieves state-of-the-art performance than previous GAN- and non-GAN-based models
Adversarial loss in a conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) is not designed to directly optimize evaluation metrics of a target task, and thus, may not always guide the generator in a GAN to generate data with improved metric scores. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel MetricGAN approach with an aim to optimize the generator with respect to one or multiple evaluation metrics. Moreover, based on MetricGAN, the metric scores of the generated data can also be arbitrarily specified by users. We tested the proposed MetricGAN on a speech enhancement task, which is particularly suitable to verify the proposed approach because there are multiple metrics measuring different aspects of speech signals. Moreover, these metrics are generally complex and could not be fully optimized by Lp or conventional adversarial losses.
Cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks (CycleGAN) have shown their promising performance for speech enhancement (SE), while one intractable shortcoming of these CycleGAN-based SE systems is that the noise components propagate throughout the cycle and cannot be completely eliminated. Additionally, conventional CycleGAN-based SE systems only estimate the spectral magnitude, while the phase is unaltered. Motivated by the multi-stage learning concept, we propose a novel two-stage denoising system that combines a CycleGAN-based magnitude enhancing network and a subsequent complex spectral refining network in this paper. Specifically, in the first stage, a CycleGAN-based model is responsible for only estimating magnitude, which is subsequently coupled with the original noisy phase to obtain a coarsely enhanced complex spectrum. After that, the second stage is applied to further suppress the residual noise components and estimate the clean phase by a complex spectral mapping network, which is a pure complex-valued network composed of complex 2D convolution/deconvolution and complex temporal-frequency attention blocks. Experimental results on two public datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach consistently surpasses previous one-stage CycleGANs and other state-of-the-art SE systems in terms of various evaluation metrics, especially in background noise suppression.
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