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Register a new userPhysics potentials with a combined sensitivity of T2K-II, NO$ u$A extension and JUNO
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Leptonic textit{CP} violation search, neutrino mass hierarchy determination, and the precision measurement of oscillation parameters for a unitary test of the leptonic mixing matrix are among the major targets of the ongoing and future neutrino oscillation experiments. The work explores the physics reach for these targets by around 2027, when the third generation of the neutrino experiments starts operation, with a combined sensitivity of three experiments: T2K-II, NO$ u$A extension, and JUNO. It is shown that a joint analysis of these three experiments can conclusively determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. Also, at certain values of emph{true} dcp, it provides closely around a $5sigma$ confidence level (C.L.) to exclude textit{CP}-conserving values and more than a $50%$ fractional region of emph{true} $delta_{text{CP}}$ values can be explored with a statistic significance of at least a $3sigma$ C.L. Besides, the joint analysis can provide unprecedented precision measurements of the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters and a great offer to solve the $theta_{23}$ octant degeneracy in the case of nonmaximal mixing.
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The main aim of the ESS$ u$SB proposal is the discovery of the leptonic CP phase $delta_{CP}$ with a high significance ($5sigma$ for 50% values of $delta_{CP}$) by utilizing the physics at the second oscillation maxima of the $P_{mu e}$ channel. It can achieve $3sigma$ sensitivity to hierarchy for all values of $delta_{CP}$. In this work, we concentrate on the hierarchy and octant sensitivity of the ESS$ u$SB experiment. We show that combining the ESS$ u$SB experiment with the atmospheric neutrino data from the proposed India-based Neutrino Observatory(INO) experiment can result in an increased sensitivity to mass hierarchy. In addition, we also combine the results from the ongoing experiments T2K and NO$ u$A assuming their full runtime and present the combined sensitivity of ESS$ u$SB + ICAL@INO + T2K + NO$ u$A. We show that while by itself ESS$ u$SB can have up to $3sigma$ hierarchy sensitivity, the combination of all the experiments can give up to $5sigma$ sensitivity depending on the true hierarchy-octant combination. The octant sensitivity of ESS$ u$SB is low by itself. However the combined sensitivity of all the above experiments can give up to $3sigma$ sensitivity depending on the choice of true hierarchy and octant. We discuss the various degeneracies and the synergies that lead to the enhanced sensitivity when combining different experimental data.
The $ u_e$ appearance data of T2K experiment has given a glimpse of the allowed parameters in the hierarchy-$delta_{CP}$ parameter space. In this paper, we explore how this data affects our expectations regarding the hierarchy sensitivity of the NO$ u$A experiment. For the favourable combinations of hierarchy and $delta_{CP}$, the hierarchy sensitivity of NO$ u$A is unaffected by the addition of T2K data. For the unfavourable combinations, NO$ u$A data gives degenerate solutions. Among these degenerate solutions, T2K data prefers IH and $delta_{CP}$ in the lower half plane over NH and $delta_{CP}$ in the upper half plane. Hence, addition of the T2K data to NO$ u$A creates a bias towards IH and $delta_{CP}$ in the lower half plane irrespective of what the true combination is.
We study in detail the impact of a light sterile neutrino in the interpretation of the latest data of the long baseline experiments NO$ u$A and T2K, assessing the robustness/fragility of the estimates of the standard 3-flavor parameters with respect to the perturbations induced in the 3+1 scheme. We find that all the basic features of the 3-flavor analysis, including the weak indication ($sim$1.4$sigma$) in favor of the inverted neutrino mass ordering, the preference for values of the CP-phase $delta_{13} sim 1.2pi$, and the substantial degeneracy of the two octants of $theta_{23}$, all remain basically unaltered in the 4-flavor scheme. Our analysis also demonstrates that it is possible to attain some constraints on the new CP-phase $delta_{14}$. Finally, we point out that, differently from non-standard neutrino interactions, light sterile neutrinos are not capable to alleviate the tension recently emerged between NO$ u$A and T2K in the appearance channel.
This article presents the potential of a combined analysis of the JUNO and KM3NeT/ORCA experiments to determine the neutrino mass ordering. This combination is particularly interesting as it significantly boosts the potential of either detector, beyond simply adding their neutrino mass ordering sensitivities, by removing a degeneracy in the determination of $Delta m_{31}^2$ between the two experiments when assuming the wrong ordering. The study is based on the latest projected performances for JUNO, and on simulation tools using a full Monte Carlo approach to the KM3NeT/ORCA response with a careful assessment of its energy systematics. From this analysis, a $5sigma$ determination of the neutrino mass ordering is expected after 6 years of joint data taking for any value of the oscillation parameters. This sensitivity would be achieved after only 2 years of joint data taking assuming the current global best-fit values for those parameters for normal ordering.
The combined analysis of $ u_mu$ disappearance and $ u_e$ appearance data of NO$ u$A experiment leads to three nearly degenerate solutions. This degeneracy can be understood in terms of deviations in $ u_e$ appearance signal, caused by unknown effects, with respect to the signal expected for a reference set of oscillations parameters. We define the reference set to be vacuum oscillations in the limit of maximal $theta_{23}$ and no CP-violation. We then calculate the deviations induced in the $ u_e$ appearance signal event rate by three unknown effects: (a) matter effects, due to normal or inverted hierarchy (b) octant effects, due to $theta_{23}$ being in higher or lower octant and (c) CP-violation, whether $delta_{CP} sim - pi/2$ or $delta_{CP} sim pi/2$. We find that the deviation caused by each of these effects is the same for NO$ u$A. The observed number of $ u_e$ events in NO$ u$A is equivalent to the increase caused by one of the effects. Therefore, the observed number of $ u_e$ appearance events of NO$ u$A is the net result of the increase caused by two of the unknown effects and the decrease caused by the third. Thus we get the three degenerate solutions. We also find that further data by NO$ u$A can not distinguish between these degenerate solutions but addition of one year of neutrino run of DUNE can make a distinction between all three solutions. The distinction between the two NH solutions and the IH solution becomes possible because of the larger matter effect in DUNE. The distinction between the two NH solutions with different octants is a result of the synergy between the anti-neutrino data of NO$ u$A and the neutrino data of DUNE.
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