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Register a new userBose-Einstein condensate of Dirac magnons: Pumping and collective modes
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We explore the formation and collective modes of Bose-Einstein condensate of Dirac magnons (Dirac BEC). While we focus on two-dimensional Dirac magnons, an employed approach is general and could be used to describe Bose-Einstein condensates with linear quasiparticle spectrum in various systems. By using a phenomenological multicomponent model of pumped boson population together with bosons residing at Dirac nodes, the formation and time evolution of condensates of Dirac bosons is investigated. The condensate coherence and its multicomponent nature are manifested in the Rabi oscillations whose period is determined by the gap in the spin-wave spectrum. A Dirac nature of the condensates could be also probed by the spectrum of collective modes. It is shown that the Haldane gap provides an efficient means to tune between the gapped and gapless collective modes as well as controls their stability.
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Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of magnons pumped by an incoherent pumping source is experimentally studied at room temperature. We demonstrate that the condensation can be achieved in a gas of bosons under conditions of incoherent pumping. Moreover, we show the critical transition point is almost independent of the frequency spectrum of the pumping source and is solely determined by the density of magnons. The electromagnetic power radiated by the magnon condensate was found to scale quadratically with the pumping power, which is in accordance with the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation in magnon gases.
A hydrodynamic description is used to study the zero-temperature properties of a trapped spinor Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. We show that, in the case of antiferromagnetic spin-spin interaction, the polar and ferromagnetic configurations of the ground state can coexist in the trap. These two phases are spatially segregated in such a way that the polar state occupies the inner part while the ferromagnetic state occupies the outer part of the atomic cloud. We also derive a set of coupled hydrodynamic equations for the number density and spin density excitations of the system. It is shown that these equations can be analytically solved for the system in an isotropic harmonic trap and a constant magnetic field. Remarkably, the related low lying excitation spectra are completely determined by the solutions in the region occupied by the polar state. We find that, within the Thomas-Fermi approximation, the presence of a constant magnetic field does not change the excitation spectra which still possess the similar form of that obtained by Stringari.
We investigate the collective excitations of a one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with repulsive interaction between atoms in a quadratic plus quartic trap. By using the variational approach, the coupled equations of motion for the center-of-mass coordinate of the condensate and its width are derived. Then, two low-energy excitation modes are obtained analytically. The frequency shift induced by the anharmonic distortion, and the collapse and revival of the collective excitations, which originate from the nonlinear coupling between the two modes, are discussed.
Interfacial profiles and interfacial tensions of phase-separated binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates are studied theoretically. The two condensates are characterized by their respective healing lengths $xi_1$ and $xi_2$ and by the inter-species repulsive interaction $K$. An exact solution to the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equations is obtained for the special case $xi_2/xi_1 = 1/2$ and $K = 3/2$. Furthermore, applying a double-parabola approximation (DPA) to the energy density featured in GP theory allows us to define a DPA model, which is much simpler to handle than GP theory but nevertheless still captures the main physics. In particular, a compact analytic expression for the interfacial tension is derived that is useful for all $xi_1, xi_2$ and $K$. An application to wetting phenomena is presented for condensates adsorbed at an optical wall. The wetting phase boundary obtained within the DPA model nearly coincides with the exact one in GP theory.
We realized a quantum geometric charge pump for a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in the lowest Bloch band of a novel bipartite magnetic lattice. Topological charge pumps in filled bands yield quantized pumping set by the global -- topological -- properties of the bands. In contrast, our geometric charge pump for a BEC occupying just a single crystal momentum state exhibits non-quantized charge pumping set by local -- geometrical -- properties of the band structure. Like topological charge pumps, for each pump cycle we observed an overall displacement (here, not quantized) and a temporal modulation of the atomic wavepackets position in each unit cell, i.e., the polarization.
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