No Arabic abstract
The next generation Internet of Things (IoT) exhibits a unique feature that IoT devices have different energy profiles and quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, two energy and spectrally efficient transmission strategies, namely wireless power transfer assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (WPT-NOMA) and backscatter communication assisted NOMA (BAC-NOMA), are proposed by utilizing this feature of IoT and employing spectrum and energy cooperation among the devices. Furthermore, for the proposed WPT-NOMA scheme, the application of hybrid successive interference cancelation (SIC) is also considered, and analytical results are developed to demonstrate that WPT-NOMA can avoid outage probability error floors and realize the full diversity gain. Unlike WPT-NOMA, BAC-NOMA suffers from an outage probability error floor, and the asymptotic behaviour of this error floor is analyzed in the paper by applying the extreme value theory. In addition, the effect of a unique feature of BAC-NOMA, i.e., employing one devices signal as the carrier signal for another device, is studied, and its impact on the diversity gain is revealed. Simulation results are also provided to compare the performance of the proposed strategies and verify the developed analytical results.
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and caching are two proposed approaches to increase the capacity of future 5G wireless systems. Typically in NOMA systems, signals at the receiver are decoded using successive interference cancellation in order to achieve capacity in multi-user systems. The leveraging of caching in the physical layer to further improve on the benefits of NOMA is investigated, which is termed cache-aided NOMA. Specific attention is given to the caching cases where the users with weaker channel conditions possess a cache of the information requested by a user with a stronger channel condition. The probability that any of the users is in outage for any of the rates required for this NOMA system, defined as the union-outage, is derived for the case of fixed-power allocation, and the power allocation strategy that minimizes the union-outage probability is derived. Simulation results confirm the analytical results, which demonstrate the benefits of cache-aided NOMA on reducing the union-outages probability.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has attracted much recent attention owing to its capability for improving the system spectral efficiency in wireless communications. Deploying NOMA in heterogeneous network can satisfy users explosive data traffic requirements, and NOMA will likely play an important role in the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication networks. However, NOMA brings new technical challenges on resource allocation due to the mutual cross-tier interference in heterogeneous networks. In this article, to study the tradeoff between data rate performance and energy consumption in NOMA, we examine the problem of energy-efficient user scheduling and power optimization in 5G NOMA heterogeneous networks. The energy-efficient user scheduling and power allocation schemes are introduced for the downlink 5G NOMA heterogeneous network for perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) respectively. Simulation results show that the resource allocation schemes can significantly increase the energy efficiency of 5G NOMA heterogeneous network for both cases of perfect CSI and imperfect CSI.
This letter studies the application of backscatter communications (BackCom) assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (BAC-NOMA) to the envisioned sixth-generation (6G) ultra-massive machine type communications (umMTC). In particular, the proposed BAC-NOMA transmission scheme can realize simultaneous energy and spectrum cooperation between uplink and downlink users, which is important to support massive connectivity and stringent energy constraints in umMTC. Furthermore, a resource allocation problem for maximizing the uplink throughput and suppressing the interference between downlink and uplink transmission is formulated as an optimization problem and the corresponding optimal resource allocation policy is obtained. Computer simulations are provided to demonstrate the superior performance of BAC-NOMA.
This paper investigates the transmission energy minimization problem for the two-user downlink with strictly heterogeneous latency constraints. To cope with the latency constraints and to explicitly specify the trade-off between blocklength (latency) and reliability the normal approximation of the capacity of finite blocklength codes (FBCs) is adopted, in contrast to the classical Shannon capacity formula. We first consider the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based transmission scheme. However, due to heterogeneous latency constraints and channel conditions at receivers, the conventional successive interference cancellation may be infeasible. We thus study the problem by considering heterogeneous receiver conditions under different interference mitigation schemes and solve the corresponding NOMA design problems. It is shown that, though the energy function is not convex and does not have closed form expression, the studied NOMA problems can be globally solved semi-analytically and with low complexity. Moreover, we propose a hybrid transmission scheme that combines the time division multiple access (TDMA) and NOMA. Specifically, the hybrid scheme can judiciously perform bit and time allocation and take TDMA and NOMA as two special instances. To handle the more challenging hybrid design problem, we propose a concave approximation of the FBC rate/capacity formula, by which we obtain computationally efficient and high-quality solutions. Simulation results show that the hybrid scheme can achieve considerable transmission energy saving compared with both pure NOMA and TDMA schemes.
Semi-grant-free (SGF) transmission has recently received significant attention due to its capability to accommodate massive connectivity and reduce access delay by admitting grant-free users to channels which would otherwise be solely occupied by grant-based users. In this paper, a new SGF transmission scheme that exploits the flexibility in choosing the decoding order in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is proposed. Compared to existing SGF schemes, this new scheme can ensure that admitting the grant-free users is completely transparent to the grant-based users, i.e., the grant-based users quality-of-service experience is guaranteed to be the same as for orthogonal multiple access. In addition, compared to existing SGF schemes, the proposed SGF scheme can significantly improve the robustness of the grant-free users transmissions and effectively avoid outage probability error floors. To facilitate the performance evaluation of the proposed SGF transmission scheme, an exact expression for the outage probability is obtained and an asymptotic analysis is conducted to show that the achievable multi-user diversity gain is proportional to the number of participating grant-free users. Computer simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed SGF transmission scheme and verify the accuracy of the developed analytical results.