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Register a new userNetwork permeability changes according to a quadratic power law upon removal of a single edge
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Added by
Benjamin M. Friedrich
Publication date
2020
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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We report an empirical power law for the reduction of network permeability in statistically homogeneous spatial networks upon removal of a single edge. We characterize this power law for plexus-like microvascular sinusoidal networks from liver tissue, as well as perturbed two- and three-dimensional regular lattices. We provide a heuristic argument for the observed power law by mapping arbitrary spatial networks that satisfies Darcys law on an small-scale resistor network.
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We study theoretically the surface response of a semi-infinite viscoelastic polymer network using the two-fluid model. We focus on the overdamped limit and on the effect of the networks intrinsic length scales. We calculate the decay rate of slow surface fluctuations, and the surface displacement in response to a localized force. Deviations from the large-scale continuum response are found at length scales much larger than the networks mesh size. We discuss implications for surface scattering and microrheology. We provide closed-form expressions that can be used for surface microrheology -- the extraction of viscoelastic moduli and intrinsic length scales from the motions of tracer particles lying on the surface without doping the bulk material.
This is an annotated translation from German of Untersuchung einer nach den Eulerschen Vorschlagen (1754) gebauten Wasserturbine [Investigation of a water turbine built according to Eulers proposals (1754)] that reports the tests results of a modern (1944) prototype of the so-called Segner-Euler turbine, which was strictly constructed according to Eulers prescription as laid down in E222 -- Theorie plus complete des machines qui sont mises en mouvement par la reaction de leau. (Memoires de lacademie des sciences de Berlin 1756, Vol. 10, pp. 227-295.), showing the feasibility of Eulers original proposal. A reproduction of the original paper is attached at the end of the translation.
We investigate CO$_2$-driven diffusiophoresis of colloidal particles and bacterial cells in a Hele-Shaw geometry. Combining experiments and a model, we understand the characteristic length and time scales of CO$_2$-driven diffusiophoresis in relation to system dimensions and CO$_2$ diffusivity. Directional migration of wild-type V. cholerae and a mutant lacking flagella, as well as S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, near a dissolving CO$_2$ source shows that diffusiophoresis of bacteria is achieved independent of cell shape and Gram stain. Long-time experiments suggest possible applications for bacterial diffusiophoresis to cleaning systems or anti-biofouling surfaces.
We study the features of a radial Stokes flow due to a submerged jet directed toward a liquid-air interface. The presence of surface-active impurities confers to the interface an in-plane elasticity that resists the incident flow. Both analytical and numerical calculations show that a minute amount of surfactants is enough to profoundly alter the morphology of the flow. The hydrodynamic response of the interface is affected as well, shifting from slip to no-slip boundary condition as the surface compressibility decreases. We argue that the competition between the divergent outward flow and the elastic response of the interface may actually be used as a practical way to detect and quantify a small amount of impurities.
A liquid surface touching a solid usually deforms in a near-wall meniscus region. In this work, we replace part of the free surface with a soft polymer and examine the shape of this elasto-capillary meniscus, result of the interplay between elasticity, capillarity and hydrostatic pressure. We focus particularly on the extraction threshold for the soft object. Indeed, we demonstrate both experimentally and theoretically the existence of a limit height of liquid tenable before breakdown of the compound, and extraction of the object. Such an extraction force is known since Laplace and Gay-Lussac, but only in the context of rigid floating objects. We revisit this classical problem by adding the elastic ingredient and predict the extraction force in terms of the strip elastic properties. It is finally shown that the critical force can be increased with elasticity, as is commonplace in adhesion phenomena
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