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We introduce the moduli space of hybrid curves as the hybrid compactification of the moduli space of curves thereby refining the one obtained by Deligne and Mumford. As the main theorem of this paper we then show that the universal family of canonically measured hybrid curves over this moduli space varies continuously. On the way to achieve this, we present constructions and results which we hope could be of independent interest. In particular, we introduce higher rank variants of hybrid spaces which refine and combine both the ones considered by Berkovich, Boucksom and Jonsson, and metrized complexes of varieties studied by Baker and the first named author. Furthermore, we introduce canonical measures on hybrid curves which simultaneously generalize the Arakelov-Bergman measure on Riemann surfaces, Zhang measure on metric graphs, and Arakelov-Zhang measure on metrized curve complexes. This paper is part of our attempt to understand the precise link between the non-Archimedean Zhang measure and variations of Arakelov-Bergman measures in families of Riemann surfaces, answering a question which has been open since the pioneering work of Zhang on admissible pairing in the nineties.
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We compute the number of moduli of all irreducible components of the moduli space of smooth curves on Enriques surfaces. In most cases, the moduli maps to the moduli space of Prym curves are generically injective or dominant. Exceptional behaviour is related to existence of Enriques--Fano threefolds and to curves with nodal Prym-canonical model.
A fine moduli space is constructed, for cyclic-by-$mathsf{p}$ covers of an affine curve over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $mathsf{p}>0$. An intersection of finitely many fine moduli spaces for cyclic-by-$mathsf{p}$ covers of affine curves gives a moduli space for $mathsf{p}$-by-$mathsf{p}$ covers of an affine curve. A local moduli space is also constructed, for cyclic-by-$mathsf{p}$ covers of $Spec(k((x)))$, which is the same as the global moduli space for cyclic-by-$mathsf{p}$ covers of $mathbb{P}^1-{0}$ tamely ramified over $infty$ with the same Galois group. Then it is shown that a restriction morphism is finite with degrees on connected components $mathsf{p}$ powers: There are finitely many deleted points of an affine curve from its smooth completion. A cyclic-by-$mathsf{p}$ cover of an affine curve gives a product of local covers with the same Galois group of the punctured infinitesimal neighbourhoods of the deleted points. So there is a restriction morphism from the global moduli space to a product of local moduli spaces.
Let ${cal M}_{g,[n]}$, for $2g-2+n>0$, be the D-M moduli stack of smooth curves of genus $g$ labeled by $n$ unordered distinct points. The main result of the paper is that a finite, connected etale cover ${cal M}^l$ of ${cal M}_{g,[n]}$, defined over a sub-$p$-adic field $k$, is almost anabelian in the sense conjectured by Grothendieck for curves and their moduli spaces. The precise result is the following. Let $pi_1({cal M}^l_{ol{k}})$ be the geometric algebraic fundamental group of ${cal M}^l$ and let ${Out}^*(pi_1({cal M}^l_{ol{k}}))$ be the group of its exterior automorphisms which preserve the conjugacy classes of elements corresponding to simple loops around the Deligne-Mumford boundary of ${cal M}^l$ (this is the $ast$-condition motivating the almost above). Let us denote by ${Out}^*_{G_k}(pi_1({cal M}^l_{ol{k}}))$ the subgroup consisting of elements which commute with the natural action of the absolute Galois group $G_k$ of $k$. Let us assume, moreover, that the generic point of the D-M stack ${cal M}^l$ has a trivial automorphisms group. Then, there is a natural isomorphism: $${Aut}_k({cal M}^l)cong{Out}^*_{G_k}(pi_1({cal M}^l_{ol{k}})).$$ This partially extends to moduli spaces of curves the anabelian properties proved by Mochizuki for hyperbolic curves over sub-$p$-adic fields.
This paper is built on the following observation: the purity of the mixed Hodge structure on the cohomology of Browns moduli spaces is essentially equivalent to the freeness of the dihedral operad underlying the gravity operad. We prove these two facts by relying on both the geometric and the algebraic aspects of the problem: the complete geometric description of the cohomology of Browns moduli spaces and the coradical filtration of cofree cooperads. This gives a conceptual proof of an identity of Bergstrom-Brown which expresses the Betti numbers of Browns moduli spaces via the inversion of a generating series. This also generalizes the Salvatore-Tauraso theorem on the nonsymmetric Lie operad.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $g geq 2$ and $M$ be the moduli space of rank 2 stable vector bundles on $X$ whose determinants are isomorphic to a fixed odd degree line bundle $L$. There has been a lot of works studying the moduli and recently the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on $M$ draws lots of attentions. It was proved that the derived category of $X$ can be embedded into the derived category of $M$ by the second named author and Fonarev-Kuznetsov. In this paper we prove that the derived category of the second symmetric product of $X$ can be embedded into derived category of $M$ when $X$ is non-hyperelliptic and $g geq 16$.
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