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Register a new user$I=1/2$ $S$-wave and $P$-wave $Kpi$ scattering and the $kappa$ and $K^*$ resonances from lattice QCD
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We present a lattice-QCD determination of the elastic isospin-$1/2$ $S$-wave and $P$-wave $Kpi$ scattering amplitudes as a function of the center-of-mass energy using Luschers method. We perform global fits of $K$-matrix parametrizations to the finite-volume energy spectra for all irreducible representations with total momenta up to $sqrt{3}frac{2pi}{L}$; this includes irreps that mix the $S$- and $P$-waves. Several different parametrizations for the energy dependence of the $K$-matrix are considered. We also determine the positions of the nearest poles in the scattering amplitudes, which correspond to the broad $kappa$ resonance in the $S$-wave and the narrow $K^*(892)$ resonance in the $P$-wave. Our calculations are performed with $2+1$ dynamical clover fermions for two different pion masses of $317.2(2.2)$ and $175.9(1.8)$ MeV. Our preferred $S$-wave parametrization is based on a conformal map and includes an Adler zero; for the $P$-wave we use a standard pole parametrization including Blatt-Weisskopf barrier factors. The $S$-wave $kappa$-resonance pole positions are found to be $left[0.86(12) - 0.309(50),iright]:{rm GeV}$ at the heavier pion mass and $left[0.499(55)- 0.379(66),iright]:{rm GeV}$ at the lighter pion mass. The $P$-wave $K^*$-resonance pole positions are found to be $left[ 0.8951(64) - 0.00250(21),i right]:{rm GeV}$ at the heavier pion mass and $left[0.8718(82) - 0.0130(11),iright]:{rm GeV}$ at the lighter pion mass, which corresponds to couplings of $g_{K^* Kpi}=5.02(26)$ and $g_{K^* Kpi}=4.99(22)$, respectively.
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The pi+pi+ s-wave scattering phase-shift is determined below the inelastic threshold using Lattice QCD. Calculations were performed at a pion mass of m_pi~390 MeV with an anisotropic n_f=2+1 clover fermion discretization in four lattice volumes, with spatial extent L~2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.9 fm, and with a lattice spacing of b_s~0.123 fm in the spatial direction and b_t b_s/3.5 in the time direction. The phase-shift is determined from the energy-eigenvalues of pi+pi+ systems with both zero and non-zero total momentum in the lattice volume using Luschers method. Our calculations are precise enough to allow for a determination of the threshold scattering parameters, the scattering length a, the effective range r, and the shape-parameter P, in this channel and to examine the prediction of two-flavor chiral perturbation theory: m_pi^2 a r = 3+O(m_pi^2/Lambda_chi^2). Chiral perturbation theory is used, with the Lattice QCD results as input, to predict the scattering phase-shift (and threshold parameters) at the physical pion mass. Our results are consistent with determinations from the Roy equations and with the existing experimental phase shift data.
We calculate the parameters describing elastic $I=1$, $P$-wave $pipi$ scattering using lattice QCD with $2+1$ flavors of clover fermions. Our calculation is performed with a pion mass of $m_pi approx 320::{rm MeV}$ and a lattice size of $Lapprox 3.6$ fm. We construct the two-point correlation matrices with both quark-antiquark and two-hadron interpolating fields using a combination of smeared forward, sequential and stochastic propagators. The spectra in all relevant irreducible representations for total momenta $|vec{P}| leq sqrt{3} frac{2pi}{L}$ are extracted with two alternative methods: a variational analysis as well as multi-exponential matrix fits. We perform an analysis using Luschers formalism for the energies below the inelastic thresholds, and investigate several phase shift models, including possible nonresonant contributions. We find that our data are well described by the minimal Breit-Wigner form, with no statistically significant nonresonant component. In determining the $rho$ resonance mass and coupling we compare two different approaches: fitting the individually extracted phase shifts versus fitting the $t$-matrix model directly to the energy spectrum. We find that both methods give consistent results, and at a pion mass of $am_{pi}=0.18295(36)_{stat}$ obtain $g_{rhopipi} = 5.69(13)_{stat}(16)_{sys}$, $am_rho = 0.4609(16)_{stat}(14)_{sys}$, and $am_{rho}/am_{N} = 0.7476(38)_{stat}(23)_{sys} $, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is the systematic uncertainty due to the choice of fit ranges.
The vast majority of hadrons observed in nature are not stable under the strong interaction, rather they are resonances whose existence is deduced from enhancements in the energy dependence of scattering amplitudes. The study of hadron resonances offers a window into the workings of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in the low-energy non-perturbative region, and in addition, many probes of the limits of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model consider processes which feature hadron resonances. From a theoretical standpoint, this is a challenging field: the same dynamics that binds quarks and gluons into hadron resonances also controls their decay into lighter hadrons, so a complete approach to QCD is required. Presently, lattice QCD is the only available tool that provides the required non-perturbative evaluation of hadron observables. In this article, we review progress in the study of few-hadron reactions in which resonances and bound-states appear using lattice QCD techniques. We describe the leading approach which takes advantage of the periodic finite spatial volume used in lattice QCD calculations to extract scattering amplitudes from the discrete spectrum of QCD eigenstates in a box. We explain how from explicit lattice QCD calculations, one can rigorously garner information about a variety of resonance properties, including their masses, widths, decay couplings, and form factors. The challenges which currently limit the field are discussed along with the steps being taken to resolve them.
A recent analysis of data on the two photon production of the $eta_c$ and its decay to $K(Kpi)$ has determined the $Kpi$ $S$-wave amplitude in a model-independent way assuming primarily that the additional kaon is a spectator in this decay. The purpose of this paper is to fit these results, together with classic $Kpi$ production data from LASS, within a formalism that implements unitarity for the di-meson interaction. This fixes the $I=1/2$ $Kpito Kpi$ $S$-wave amplitude up to 2.4 GeV. This resolves the Barrelet ambiguity in the original LASS analysis, and constrains the amount of inelasticity in $Kpi$ scattering, highlighting that this becomes significant beyond 1.8 GeV. This result needs to be checked by experimental information on the many inelastic channels, in particular $Keta^prime$ and $Kpipipi$. Our analysis provides a single representation for the $Kpi$ $S$-wave from threshold, controlled by Chiral Perturbation Theory, through the broad $kappa$, $K_0^*(1430)$ and $K_0^*(1950)$ resonances. There is no arbitrary sum of Breit-Wigner forms and random backgrounds for real $Kpi$ masses. Rather the form provides a representation that can be translated to other processes with $Kpi$ interactions with their own coupling functions, while automatically maintaining consistency with the chiral dynamics near threshold, with the LASS data and the new results on $eta_c$ decay.
We determine elastic and coupled-channel amplitudes for isospin-1 meson-meson scattering in $P$-wave, by calculating correlation functions using lattice QCD with light quark masses such that $m_pi = 236$ MeV in a cubic volume of $sim (4 ,mathrm{fm})^3$. Variational analyses of large matrices of correlation functions computed using operator constructions resembling $pipi$, $Koverline{K}$ and $qbar{q}$, in several moving frames and several lattice irreducible representations, leads to discrete energy spectra from which scattering amplitudes are extracted. In the elastic $pipi$ scattering region we obtain a detailed energy-dependence for the phase-shift, corresponding to a $rho$ resonance, and we extend the analysis into the coupled-channel $Koverline{K}$ region for the first time, finding a small coupling between the channels.
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