We present a systematic study of quantum system compression for the evolution of generic many-body problems. The necessary numerical simulations of such systems are seriously hindered by the exponential growth of the Hilbert space dimension with the number of particles. For a emph{constant} Hamiltonian system of Hilbert space dimension $n$ whose frequencies range from $f_{min}$ to $f_{max}$, we show via a proper orthogonal decomposition, that for a run-time $T$, the dominant dynamics are compressed in the neighborhood of a subspace whose dimension is the smallest integer larger than the time-bandwidth product $delf=(f_{max}-f_{min})T$. We also show how the distribution of initial states can further compress the system dimension. Under the stated conditions, the time-bandwidth estimate reveals the emph{existence} of an effective compressed model whose dimension is derived solely from system properties and not dependent on the particular implementation of a variational simulator, such as a machine learning system, or quantum device. However, finding an efficient solution procedure emph{is} dependent on the simulator implementation{color{black}, which is not discussed in this paper}. In addition, we show that the compression rendered by the proper orthogonal decomposition encoding method can be further strengthened via a multi-layer autoencoder. Finally, we present numerical illustrations to affirm the compression behavior in time-varying Hamiltonian dynamics in the presence of external fields. We also discuss the potential implications of the findings for machine learning tools to efficiently solve the many-body or other high dimensional Schr{o}dinger equations.
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