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Elliptic Blowup Equations for 6d SCFTs. IV: Matters

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 Added by Jie Gu
 Publication date 2020
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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Given the recent geometrical classification of 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs, a major question is how to compute for this large class their elliptic genera. The latter encode the refined BPS spectrum of the SCFTs, which determines geometric invariants of the associated elliptic non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds. In this paper we establish for all 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs in the atomic classification blowup equations that fix these elliptic genera to large extent. The latter fall into two types: the unity- and the vanishing blowup equations. For almost all rank one theories, we find unity blowup equations which determine the elliptic genera completely. We develop several techniques to compute elliptic genera and BPS invariants from the blowup equations, including a recursion formula with respect to the number of strings, a Weyl orbit expansion, a refined BPS expansion and an $epsilon_1,epsilon_2$ expansion. For higher-rank theories, we propose a gluing rule to obtain all their blowup equations based on those of rank one theories. For example, we explicitly give the elliptic blowup equations for the three higher-rank non-Higgsable clusters, ADE chain of $-2$ curves and conformal matter theories. We also give the toric construction for many elliptic non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds which engineer 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs with various matter representations.



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The building blocks of 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs include certain rank one theories with gauge group $G=SU(3),SO(8),F_4,E_{6,7,8}$. In this paper, we propose a universal recursion formula for the elliptic genera of all such theories. This formula is solved from the elliptic blowup equations introduced in our previous paper. We explicitly compute the elliptic genera and refined BPS invariants, which recover all previous results from topological string theory, modular bootstrap, Hilbert series, 2d quiver gauge theories and 4d $mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal $H_{G}$ theories. We also observe an intriguing relation between the $k$-string elliptic genus and the Schur indices of rank $k$ $H_{G}$ SCFTs, as a generalization of Lockhart-Zottos conjecture at the rank one cases. In a subsequent paper, we deal with all other non-Higgsable clusters with matters.
We establish the elliptic blowup equations for E-strings and M-strings and solve elliptic genera and refined BPS invariants from them. Such elliptic blowup equations can be derived from a path integral interpretation. We provide toric hypersurface construction for the Calabi-Yau geometries of M-strings and those of E-strings with up to three mass parameters turned on, as well as an approach to derive the perturbative prepotential directly from the local description of the Calabi-Yau threefolds. We also demonstrate how to systematically obtain blowup equations for all rank one 5d SCFTs from E-string by blow-down operations. Finally, we present blowup equations for E-M and M string chains.
150 - Jonathan J. Heckman 2020
We consider a class of 6D superconformal field theories (SCFTs) which have a large $N$ limit and a semi-classical gravity dual description. Using the quiver-like structure of 6D SCFTs we study a subsector of operators protected from large operator mixing. These operators are characterized by degrees of freedom in a one-dimensional spin chain, and the associated states are generically highly entangled. This provides a concrete realization of qubit-like states in a strongly coupled quantum field theory. Renormalization group flows triggered by deformations of 6D UV fixed points translate to specific deformations of these one-dimensional spin chains. We also present a conjectural spin chain Hamiltonian which tracks the evolution of these states as a function of renormalization group flow, and study qubit manipulation in this setting. Similar considerations hold for theories without $AdS$ duals, such as 6D little string theories and 4D SCFTs obtained from compactification of the partial tensor branch theory on a $T^2$.
203 - Lei Zhang 2008
We consider a sequence of blowup solutions of a two dimensional, second order elliptic equation with exponential nonlinearity and singular data. This equation has a rich background in physics and geometry. In a work of Bartolucci-Chen-Lin-Tarantello it is proved that the profile of the solutions differs from global solutions of a Liouville type equation only by a uniformly bounded term. The present paper improves their result and establishes an expansion of the solutions near the blowup points with a sharp error estimate.
We apply the modular approach to computing the topological string partition function on non-compact elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau 3-folds with higher Kodaira singularities in the fiber. The approach consists in making an ansatz for the partition function at given base degree, exact in all fiber classes to arbitrary order and to all genus, in terms of a rational function of weak Jacobi forms. Our results yield, at given base degree, the elliptic genus of the corresponding non-critical 6d string, and thus the associated BPS invariants of the 6d theory. The required elliptic indices are determined from the chiral anomaly 4-form of the 2d worldsheet theories, or the 8-form of the corresponding 6d theories, and completely fix the holomorphic anomaly equation constraining the partition function. We introduce subrings of the known rings of Weyl invariant Jacobi forms which are adapted to the additional symmetries of the partition function, making its computation feasible to low base wrapping number. In contradistinction to the case of simpler singularities, generic vanishing conditions on BPS numbers are no longer sufficient to fix the modular ansatz at arbitrary base wrapping degree. We show that to low degree, imposing exact vanishing conditions does suffice, and conjecture this to be the case generally.
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