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Register a new userRozansky-Witten geometry of Coulomb branches and logarithmic knot invariants
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By studying Rozansky-Witten theory with non-compact target spaces we find new connections with knot invariants whose physical interpretation was not known. This opens up several new avenues, which include a new formulation of $q$-series invariants of 3-manifolds in terms of affine Grassmannians and a generalization of Akutsu-Deguchi-Ohtsuki knot invariants.
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The paper has two parts, in the first part, we apply the localisation technique to the Rozansky-Witten theory on compact HyperKahler targets. We do so via first reformulating the theory as some supersymmetric sigma-model. We obtain the exact formula for the partition function with Wilson loops on $S^1timesSigma_g$ and the lens spaces, the results match with earlier computations using Feynman diagrams on K3. The second part is motivated by a very curious preprint cite{Gukov:2020lqm}, where the equivariant index formula for the dimension of the Hilbert space the theory is interpreted as a kind of Verlinde formula. In this interpretation, the fixed points of the target HyperKahler geometry correspond to certain states. In the second half of the paper we extend the formalism of part one to incorporate equivariance on the target geometry. For certain non-compact hyperKahler geometry, we can apply the tilting theory to the derived category of coherent sheaves, whose objects label the Wilson loops, allowing us to pick a basis for the latter. We can then compute the fusion products in this basis and we show that the objects that have diagonal fusion rules are intimately related to the fixed points of the geometry. Using these objects as basis to compute the dimension of the Hilbert space leads back to the Verlinde formula, thus answering the question that motivated the paper.
We propose Picard-Fuchs equations for periods of nonabelian mirrors in this paper. The number of parameters in our Picard-Fuchs equations is the rank of the gauge group of the nonabelian GLSM, which is eventually reduced to the actual number of K{a}hler parameters. These Picard-Fuchs equations are concise and novel. We justify our proposal by reproducing existing mathematical results, namely Picard-Fuchs equations of Grassmannians and Calabi-Yau manifolds as complete intersections in Grassmannians. Furthermore, our approach can be applied to other nonabelian GLSMs, so we compute Picard-Fuchs equations of some other Fano-spaces, which were not calculated in the literature before. Finally, the cohomology-valued generating functions of mirrors can be read off from our Picard-Fuchs equations. Using these generating functions, we compute Gromov-Witten invariants of various Calabi-Yau manifolds, including complete intersection Calabi-Yau manifolds in Grassmannians and non-complete intersection Calabi-Yau examples such as Pfaffian Calabi-Yau threefold and Gulliksen-Neg{aa}rd Calabi-Yau threefold, and find agreement with existing results in the literature. The generating functions we propose for non-complete intersection Calabi-Yau manifolds are genuinely new.
Supersymmetric D-branes supported on the complex two-dimensional base $S$ of the local Calabi-Yau threefold $K_S$ are described by semi-stable coherent sheaves on $S$. Under suitable conditions, the BPS indices counting these objects (known as generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants) coincide with the Vafa-Witten invariants of $S$ (which encode the Betti numbers of the moduli space of semi-stable sheaves). For surfaces which admit a strong collection of exceptional sheaves, we develop a general method for computing these invariants by exploiting the isomorphism between the derived category of coherent sheaves and the derived category of representations of a suitable quiver with potential $(Q,W)$ constructed from the exceptional collection. We spell out the dictionary between the Chern class $gamma$ and polarization $J$ on $S$ vs. the dimension vector $vec N$ and stability parameters $veczeta$ on the quiver side. For all examples that we consider, which include all del Pezzo and Hirzebruch surfaces, we find that the BPS indices $Omega_star(gamma)$ at the attractor point (or self-stability condition) vanish, except for dimension vectors corresponding to simple representations and pure D0-branes. This opens up the possibility to compute the BPS indices in any chamber using either the flow tree or the Coulomb branch formula. In all cases we find precise agreement with independent computations of Vafa-Witten invariants based on wall-crossing and blow-up formulae. This agreement suggests that i) generating functions of DT invariants for a large class of quivers coming from strong exceptional collections are mock modular functions of higher depth and ii) non-trivial single-centered black holes and scaling solutions do not exist quantum mechanically in such local Calabi-Yau geometries.
We give a pedagogical review of the computation of Gromov-Witten invariants via localization in 2D gauged linear sigma models. We explain the relationship between the two-sphere partition function of the theory and the Kahler potential on the conformal manifold. We show how the Kahler potential can be assembled from classical, perturbative, and non-perturbative contributions, and explain how the non-perturbative contributions are related to the Gromov-Witten invariants of the corresponding Calabi-Yau manifold. We then explain how localization enables efficient calculation of the two-sphere partition function and, ultimately, the Gromov-Witten invariants themselves.
We show that Calabi-Yau crystals generate certain Chern-Simons knot invariants, with Lagrangian brane insertions generating the unknot and Hopf link invariants. Further, we make the connection of the crystal brane amplitudes to the topological vertex formulation explicit and show that the crystal naturally resums the corresponding topological vertex amplitudes. We also discuss the conifold and double wall crystal model in this context. The results suggest that the free energy associated to the crystal brane amplitudes can be simply expressed as a target space Gopakumar-Vafa expansion.
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