Subscribe to the gold package and get unlimited access to Shamra Academy
Register a new userMagnetic monopoles and fermion number violation in chiral matter
111
0
0.0
(
0
)
Authors
Naoki Yamamoto
Ask ChatGPT about the research
No Arabic abstract
We show that the presence of a magnetic monopole in position space gives rise to a violation of the fermion number conservation in chiral matter. Using the chiral kinetic theory, we derive a model-independent expression of such a violation in nonequilibrium many-body systems of chiral fermions. In local thermal equilibrium at finite temperature and chemical potential, in particular, this violation is proportional to the chemical potential with a topologically quantized coefficient. These consequences are due to the interplay between the Dirac monopole in position space and the Berry monopole in momentum space. Our mechanism can be applied to study the roles of magnetic monopoles in the nonequilibrium evolution of the early Universe.
rate research
Read More
In the presence of the fluid helicity $boldsymbol{v} cdot boldsymbol{omega}$, the magnetic field induces an electric current of the form $boldsymbol{j} = C_{rm HME} (boldsymbol{v} cdot boldsymbol{omega}) boldsymbol{B}$. This is the helical magnetic effect (HME). We show that for massless Dirac fermions with charge $e=1$, the transport coefficient $C_{rm HME}$ is fixed by the chiral anomaly coefficient $C=1/(2pi^2)$ as $C_{rm HME} = C/2$ independently of interactions. We show the conjecture that the coefficient of the magnetovorticity coupling for the local vector charge, $n = C_{B omega} boldsymbol{B} cdot boldsymbol{omega}$, is related to the chiral anomaly coefficient as $C_{B omega} = C/2$. We also discuss the condition for the emergence of the helical plasma instability that originates from the HME.
We develop topological criteria for the existence of electroweak magnetic monopoles and Z-strings and extend the Kibble mechanism to study their formation during the electroweak phase transition. The distribution of magnetic monopoles produces magnetic fields that have a spectrum $B_lambda propto lambda^{-2}$ where $lambda$ is a smearing length scale. Even as the magnetic monopoles annihilate due to the confining Z-strings, the magnetic field evolves with the turbulent plasma and may be relevant for cosmological observations.
The gauge independence of the dynamical fermion mass generated through chiral symmetry breaking in QED in a strong, constant external magnetic field is critically examined. We present a (first, to the best of our knowledge) consistent truncation of the Schwinger-Dyson equations in the lowest Landau level approximation. We demonstrate that the dynamical fermion mass, obtained as the solution of the truncated Schwinger-Dyson equations evaluated on the fermion mass shell, is manifestly gauge independent.
We discuss a possible principle for detecting dark matter axions in galactic halos. If axions constitute a condensate in the Milky Way, stimulated emissions of the axions from a type of excitation in condensed matter can be detectable. We provide general mechanism for the dark matter emission, and, as a concrete example, an emission of dark matter axions from magnetic vortex strings in a type II superconductor are investigated along with possible experimental signatures.
In this paper the duality correspondence between fermion-antifermion and difermion interaction channels is established in two (2+1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu type models with a fermion number chemical potential $mu$ and a chiral chemical potential $mu_5$. The role and influence of this property on the phase structure of the models are investigated. In particular, it is shown that the chemical potential $mu_5$ promotes the appearance of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, whereas the chemical potential $mu$ contributes to the emergence of superconductivity.
Log in to be able to interact and post comments
comments
Fetching comments
Sign in to be able to follow your search criteria
