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Register a new userSPARE3D: A Dataset for SPAtial REasoning on Three-View Line Drawings
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Added by
Siyuan Xiang
Publication date
2020
fields
Informatics Engineering
and research's language is
English
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Spatial reasoning is an important component of human intelligence. We can imagine the shapes of 3D objects and reason about their spatial relations by merely looking at their three-view line drawings in 2D, with different levels of competence. Can deep networks be trained to perform spatial reasoning tasks? How can we measure their spatial intelligence? To answer these questions, we present the SPARE3D dataset. Based on cognitive science and psychometrics, SPARE3D contains three types of 2D-3D reasoning tasks on view consistency, camera pose, and shape generation, with increasing difficulty. We then design a method to automatically generate a large number of challenging questions with ground truth answers for each task. They are used to provide supervision for training our baseline models using state-of-the-art architectures like ResNet. Our experiments show that although convolutional networks have achieved superhuman performance in many visual learning tasks, their spatial reasoning performance on SPARE3D tasks is either lower than average human performance or even close to random guesses. We hope SPARE3D can stimulate new problem formulations and network designs for spatial reasoning to empower intelligent robots to operate effectively in the 3D world via 2D sensors. The dataset and code are available at https://ai4ce.github.io/SPARE3D.
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Spatial reasoning on multi-view line drawings by state-of-the-art supervised deep networks is recently shown with puzzling low performances on the SPARE3D dataset. To study the reason behind the low performance and to further our understandings of these tasks, we design controlled experiments on both input data and network designs. Guided by the hindsight from these experiment results, we propose a simple contrastive learning approach along with other network modifications to improve the baseline performance. Our approach uses a self-supervised binary classification network to compare the line drawing differences between various views of any two similar 3D objects. It enables deep networks to effectively learn detail-sensitive yet view-invariant line drawing representations of 3D objects. Experiments show that our method could significantly increase the baseline performance in SPARE3D, while some popular self-supervised learning methods cannot.
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