Over a smooth and proper complex scheme, the differential Galois group of an integrable connection may be obtained as the closure of the transcendental monodromy representation. In this paper, we employ a completely algebraic variation of this idea by restricting attention to connections on trivial vector bundles and replacing the fundamental group by a certain Lie algebra constructed from the regular forms. In more detail, we show that the differential Galois group is a certain ``closure of the aforementioned Lie algebra. This is then applied to construct connections on curves with prescribed differential Galois group.
Let ${mathcal B}_g(r)$ be the moduli space of triples of the form $(X,, K^{1/2}_X,, F)$, where $X$ is a compact connected Riemann surface of genus $g$, with $g, geq, 2$, $K^{1/2}_X$ is a theta characteristic on $X$, and $F$ is a stable vector bundle on $X$ of rank $r$ and degree zero. We construct a $T^*{mathcal B}_g(r)$--torsor ${mathcal H}_g(r)$ over ${mathcal B}_g(r)$. This generalizes on the one hand the torsor over the moduli space of stable vector bundles of rank $r$, on a fixed Riemann surface $Y$, given by the moduli space of holomorphic connections on the stable vector bundles of rank $r$ on $Y$, and on the other hand the torsor over the moduli space of Riemann surfaces given by the moduli space of Riemann surfaces with a projective structure. It is shown that ${mathcal H}_g(r)$ has a holomorphic symplectic structure compatible with the $T^*{mathcal B}_g(r)$--torsor structure. We also describe ${mathcal H}_g(r)$ in terms of the second order matrix valued differential operators. It is shown that ${mathcal H}_g(r)$ is identified with the $T^*{mathcal B}_g(r)$--torsor given by the sheaf of holomorphic connections on the theta line bundle over ${mathcal B}_g(r)$.
We assume that $mathcal{E}$ is a rank $r$ Ulrich bundle for $(P^n, mathcal{O}(d))$. The main result of this paper is that $mathcal{E}(i)otimes Omega^{j}(j)$ has natural cohomology for any integers $i in mathbb{Z}$ and $0 leq j leq n$, and every Ulrich bundle $mathcal{E}$ has a resolution in terms of $n$ of the trivial bundle over $P^n$. As a corollary, we can give a necessary and sufficient condition for Ulrich bundles if $n leq 3$, which can be used to find some new examples, i.e., rank $2$ bundles for $(P^3, mathcal{O}(2))$ and rank $3$ bundles for $(P^2, mathcal{O}(3))$.
In this paper we count the number of isomorphism classes of geometrically indecomposable quasi-parabolic structures of a given type on a given vector bundle on the projective line over a finite field. We give a conjectural cohomological interpretation for this counting using the moduli space of Higgs fields on the given vector bundle over the complex projective line with prescribed residues. We prove a certain number of results which bring evidences to the main conjecture. We detail the case of rank 2 vector bundles.
We prove that the kernel bundle of the evaluation morphism of global sections, namely the syzygy bundle, of a sufficiently ample line bundle on a smooth projective variety is slope stable with respect to any polarization. This settles a conjecture of Ein-Lazarsfeld-Mustopa.