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Register a new userMultidimensional super- and subradiance in waveguide quantum electrodynamics
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We study the collective decay rates of multi-dimensional quantum networks in which one-dimensional waveguides form an intersecting hyper-rectangular lattice, with qubits located at the lattice points. We introduce and motivate the emph{dimensional reduction of poles} (DRoP) conjecture, which identifies all collective decay rates of such networks via a connection to waveguides with a one-dimensional topology (e.g. a linear chain of qubits). Using DRoP, we consider many-body effects such as superradiance, subradiance, and bound-states in continuum in multi-dimensional quantum networks. We find that, unlike one-dimensional linear chains, multi-dimensional quantum networks have superradiance in distinct levels, which we call multi-dimensional superradiance. Furthermore, we generalize the $N^{-3}$ scaling of subradiance in a linear chain to $d$-dimensional networks.
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Understanding physical properties of quantum emitters strongly interacting with quantized electromagnetic modes, both discrete and continuous spectra, is one of the primary goals in the emergent field of waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED). When the light-matter coupling strength is comparable to or even exceeds energies of elementary excitations, conventional approaches based on perturbative treatment of light-matter interactions, two-level description of matter excitations, and photon-number truncation are no longer sufficient. Here we study in and out of equilibrium properties of waveguide QED in such nonperturbative regimes by developing a comprehensive and rigorous theoretical approach using an asymptotic decoupling unitary transformation. We uncover several surprising features ranging from symmetry-protected many-body bound states in the continuum to strong renormalization of the effective mass and potential; the latter may explain recent experiments demonstrating cavity-induced changes in chemical reactivity as well as enhancements of ferromagnetism or superconductivity. We demonstrate these results by applying our general formalism to a model of coupled cavity arrays, which is relevant to experiments in superconducting qubits interacting with microwave resonators or atoms coupled to photonic crystals. We examine the relation between our results and delocalization-localization transition in the spin-boson model; notably, we point out that one can find a quantum phase transition akin to the superradiant transition in multi-emitter waveguide QED systems with superlinear photonic dispersion. Besides waveguide resonators, we discuss possible applications of our framework to other light-matter systems relevant to quantum optics, condensed matter physics, and quantum chemistry.
We study the dynamics of a general multi-emitter system coupled to the squeezed vacuum reservoir and derive a master equation for this system based on the Weisskopf-Wigner approximation. In this theory, we include the effect of positions of the squeezing sources which is usually neglected in the previous studies. We apply this theory to a quasi-one-dimensional waveguide case where the squeezing in one dimension is experimentally achievable. We show that while dipole-dipole interaction induced by ordinary vacuum depends on the emitter separation, the two-photon process due to the squeezed vacuum depends on the positions of the emitters with respect to the squeezing sources. The dephasing rate, decay rate and the resonance fluorescence of the waveguide-QED in the squeezed vacuum are controllable by changing the positions of emitters. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the stationary maximum entangled NOON state for identical emitters can be reached with arbitrary initial state when the center-of-mass position of the emitters satisfies certain condition.
The embedding of tunable quantum emitters in a photonic bandgap structure enables the control of dissipative and dispersive interactions between emitters and their photonic bath. Operation in the transmission band, outside the gap, allows for studying waveguide quantum electrodynamics in the slow-light regime. Alternatively, tuning the emitter into the bandgap results in finite range emitter-emitter interactions via bound photonic states. Here we couple a transmon qubit to a superconducting metamaterial with a deep sub-wavelength lattice constant ($lambda/60$). The metamaterial is formed by periodically loading a transmission line with compact, low loss, low disorder lumped element microwave resonators. We probe the coherent and dissipative dynamics of the system by measuring the Lamb shift and the change in the lifetime of the transmon qubit. Tuning the qubit frequency in the vicinity of a band-edge with a group index of $n_g = 450$, we observe an anomalous Lamb shift of 10 MHz accompanied by a 24-fold enhancement in the qubit lifetime. In addition, we demonstrate selective enhancement and inhibition of spontaneous emission of different transmon transitions, which provide simultaneous access to long-lived metastable qubit states and states strongly coupled to propagating waveguide modes.
We study the relationship between the collective phenomena of super and subradiance and spontaneous synchronization of quantum systems. To this aim we revisit the case of two detuned qubits interacting through a pure dissipative bosonic environment, which contains the minimal ingredients for our analysis. By using the Liouville formalism, we are able to find analytically the ultimate connection between these phenomena. We find that dynamical synchronization is due to the presence of long standing coherence between the ground state of the system and the subradiant state. We finally show that, under pure dissipation, the emergence of spontaneous synchronization and of subradiant emission occur on the same time scale. This reciprocity is broken in the presence of dephasing noise.
We theoretically predict the formation of two-photon bound states in a two-dimensional waveguide network hosting a lattice of two-level atoms. The properties of these bound pairs and the exclusive domains of the parameter space where they emerge due to the interplay between the on-site photon blockade and peculiar shape of polariton dispersion resulting from the long-range radiative couplings between the qubits are investigated in detail. In addition, we analyze the effect of the finite system size on localization characteristics of these excitations.
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