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Register a new userCasimir force between ideal metal plates in a chiral vacuum
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We calculate the Casimir force between two parallel ideal metal plates when there is an intervening chiral medium present. Making use of methods of quantum statistical mechanics we show how the force can be found in a simple and compact way. The expression for the force is in agreement with that obtained recently by Q.-D. Jiang and F. Wilczek [Phys. Rev. B {bf 99}, 125403 (2019)], in their case with the use of Green function methods.
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The zero-temperature Casimir-Lifshitz force between two plates moving parallel to each other at arbitrary constant speed was found in [New J. Phys. 11, 033035 (2009)]. The solution is here generalized to the case where the plates are at different temperatures. The Casimir-Lifshitz force is obtained by calculating the electromagnetic stress tensor, using the method employed by Antezza et al. [Phys. Rev. A 77, 022901 (2008)] for non-moving plates at different temperatures. The perpendicular force on the plates has contributions from the quantum vacuum and from the thermal radiation; both of these contributions are influenced by the motion. In addition to the perpendicular force, thermal radiation from the moving plates gives rise to a lateral component of the Casimir-Lifshitz force, an effect with no quantum-vacuum contribution. The zero-temperature results are reproduced, in particular the non-existence of a quantum-vacuum friction between the plates.
We investigate in detail the Casimir torque induced by quantum vacuum fluctuations between two nanostructured plates. Our calculations are based on the scattering approach and take into account the coupling between different modes induced by the shape of the surface which are neglected in any sort of proximity approximation or effective medium approach. We then present an experimental setup aiming at measuring this torque.
In the work, the thermal and vacuum fluctuation is predicted capable of generating a Casimir thrust force on a rotating chiral particle, which will push or pull the particle along the rotation axis. The Casimir thrust force comes from two origins: i) the rotation-induced symmetry-breaking in the vacuum and thermal fluctuation and ii) the chiral cross-coupling between electric and magnetic fields and dipoles, which can convert the vacuum spin angular momentum (SAM) to the vacuum force. Using the fluctuation dissipation theorem (FDT), we derive the analytical expressions for the vacuum thrust force in dipolar approximation and the dependences of the force on rotation frequency, temperature and material optical properties are investigated. The work reveals a new mechanism to generate a vacuum force, which opens a new way to exploit zero-point energy of vacuum.
In this study, we have derived close form of the Casimir force for the non-interacting ideal Bose gas between two slabs in harmonic-optical lattice potential by using Ketterle and van Druten approximation. We find that Bose-Einstein condensation temperature $T_{c}$ is a critical point for different physical behavior of the Casimir force. We have shown that Casimir force of confined Bose gas in the presence of the harmonic-optical potential decays with inversely proportional to $d^{5}$ when $Tleq T_{c}$. However, in the case of $T>T_{c}$, it decays exponentially depends on separation $d$ of the slabs. Additionally we have discussed temperature dependence of Casimir force and importance of the harmonic-optical lattice potential on quantum critical systems, quantum phase transition and nano-devices.
Barash has calculated the Casimir forces between parallel birefringent plates with optical axes parallel to the plate boundaries [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Radiofiz., {bf 12}, 1637 (1978)]. The interesting new feature of the solution compared to the case of isotropic plates is the existence of a Casimir torque which acts to line up the optical axes if they are not parallel or perpendicular. The forces were found from a calculation of the Helmholtz free energy of the electromagnetic field. Given the length of the calculations in this problem and hopes of an experimental measurement of the torque, it is important to check the results for the Casimir forces by a different method. We provide this check by calculating the electromagnetic stress tensor between the plates and showing that the resulting forces are in agreement with those found by Barash.
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