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Register a new userLifetime and dominant decay modes of the tetraquark with double beauty $bbbar ubar d$
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We briefly review the stability of the $QQbar qbar q$-type of tetraquarks with two heavy quarks and two light antiquarks. We present the first comprehensive estimate of the lifetime and leading decay modes of the exotic meson $bbbar ubar d$ with double beauty.
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We present the first full-fledged study of the flavor-exotic isoscalar $T_{bb}^-equiv b b bar u bar d$ tetraquark with spin and parity $J^P=1^+$. We report accurate solutions of the four-body problem in a quark model, characterizing the structure of the state as a function of the ratio $M_Q/m_q$ of the heavy to light quark masses. For such a standard constituent model, $T_{bb}^-$ lies approximately 150 MeV below the strong decay threshold $B^-bar {B^*}^{0}$ and 105 MeV below the electromagnetic decay threshold $B^- bar B^0 gamma$. We evaluate the lifetime of $T_{bb}^-$, identifying the promising decay modes where the tetraquark might be looked for in future experiments. Its total decay width is $Gamma approx 87 times 10^{-15}$ GeV and therefore its lifetime $tau approx$ 7.6 ps. The promising final states are ${B^*}^{-}, {D^*}^{+} , ell^- , bar u_ell$ and $bar {B^*}^{0} , {D^*}^{0} , ell^- , bar u_ell $ among the semileptonic decays, and ${B^*}^{-} , {D^*}^{+} , {D_s^*}^-$, $bar {B^*}^{0} , {D^*}^{0} , {D_s^*}^- $, and ${B^*}^{-} , {D^*}^{+} , rho^-$ among the nonleptonic ones. The semileptonic decay to the isoscalar $J^P=0^+$ tetraquark $T_{bc}^0$ is also relevant but it is not found to be dominant. There is a broad consensus about the existence of this tetraquark, and its detection will validate our understanding of the low-energy realizations of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in the multiquark sector.
The LHCb Collaboration has reported resonant activity in the channel $D^+ K^-$, identifying two components: $X_0(2900)$ with $J^P = 0^+$ at $2866 {pm} 7$ MeV, $Gamma_0=57{pm} 13$ MeV and $X_1(2900)$ with $J^P = 1^-$ at $2904 {pm} 7$ MeV, $Gamma_1=110{pm} 12$ MeV. We interpret the $X_0(2900)$ component as a $cs bar ubar d$ isosinglet compact tetraquark, calculating its mass to be $2863 {pm} 12$ MeV. This is the first exotic hadron with open heavy flavor. The analogous $bsbar ubar d$ tetraquark is predicted at $6213 {pm} 12$ MeV. We discuss possible interpretations of the heavier and wider $X_1(2900)$ state and examine potential implications for other systems with two heavy quarks.
The motion of spectator quarks in decay of a beauty hadron is a nonperturbative effect which can usually be neglected. We find that the motion in some decay channels, which contribute total decay widths of beauty hadrons, can not be neglected.The contributions from these decay channels to decay widths are proportional to certain averages of the squared inverse of the momentum carried by a spectator quark. This fact results in that these contributions, suppressed by $1/m_b^3$ formally, are effectively suppressed by $1/m_b$. We find these contributions can be factorized into products of perturbative coefficients and nonperturbative parameters. We calculate these coefficients and define these nonperturbative parameters in terms of HQET matrix elements.Since these parameters are unknown, we are unable to give numerical predictions in detail. But with a simple model it can be shown that these contributions can be large.
We have studied the masse spectra for the $ccbar{b}bar{b}$/$bbbar{c}bar{c}$ tetraquark states with quantum numbers $J^{P}=0^{pm},1^{pm}$, and $2^{+}$. We systematically construct the interpolating currents with various spin-parity quantum numbers and calculate their two-point correlation functions in the framework of QCD moment sum rule method. Our calculations show that the masses are about $12.3-12.4$ GeV for the positive parity $ccbar{b}bar{b}$ tetraquark ground states with $J^{P}=0^+, 1^+, 2^+$, while $12.8-13.1$ GeV for the negative parity channels with $J^{P}=0^-, 1^-$. The mass predictions for the positive parity $ccbar{b}bar{b}$ ground states are lower than the $B_{c}B_{c}$ threshold, implying that these tetraquarks can only decay via weak interaction and thus are expected to be stable and narrow.
We calculate the masses of the $QQbar{q}bar{q}$ ($Q=c,b$; $q=u,d,s$) tetraquark states with the aid of heavy diquark-antiquark symmetry (HDAS) and the chromomagnetic interaction (CMI) model. The masses of the highest-spin ($J=2$) tetraquarks that have only the $(QQ)_{bar{3}_c}(bar{q}bar{q})_{3_c}$ color structure are related with those of conventional hadrons using HDAS. Thereafter, the masses of their partner states are determined with the mass splittings in the CMI model. Our numerical results reveal that: (i) the lightest $ccbar{n}bar{n}$ ($n=u,d$) is an $I(J^P)=0(1^+)$ state around 3929 MeV (53 MeV above the $DD^*$ threshold) and none of the double-charm tetraquarks are stable; (ii) the stable double-bottom tetraquarks are the lowest $0(1^+)$ $bbbar{n}bar{n}$ around 10488 MeV ($approx116$ MeV below the $BB^*$ threshold) and the lowest $1/2(1^+)$ $bbbar{n}bar{s}$ around 10671 MeV ($approx20$ MeV below the $BB_s^*/B_sB^*$ threshold); and (iii) the two lowest $bcbar{n}bar{n}$ tetraquarks, namely the lowest $0(0^+)$ around 7167 MeV and the lowest $0(1^+)$ around 7223 MeV, are near-threshold states. Moreover, we discuss the constraints on the masses of double-heavy hadrons. Specifically, for the lowest nonstrange tetraquarks, we obtain $T_{cc}<3965$ MeV, $T_{bb}<10627$ MeV, and $T_{bc}<7199$ MeV.
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