No Arabic abstract
We study first the box-diagram contribution to the $gamma p,rightarrow ,K^0Sigma^+$ process to understand the anomaly of the kaon photoproduction cross section from CBELSA/TAPS experiment at Electron Stretcher Accelerator (ELSA), where the imaginary part of the scattering amplitude from the box-diagrams is calculated by using Cutkoskys rules in the on-shell approximation while the real part of the amplitude is derived by dispersion relation calculations. Together with the results of the K-MAID model, the contribution of the box-diagrams fails to provide the sudden drop of the differential cross-section between the $K^*,Lambda$ and $K^*,Sigma$ thresholds. In addition, we include the $Delta(1940)$ resonance in the process to complete the description of the differential cross-section. Combining the contributions from the K-MAID model, the box-diagrams and the $Delta(1940)$ resonance, we have obtained the theoretical differential cross-section the $gamma p,rightarrow ,K^0Sigma^+$ process, which is compatible with the CBELSA/TAPS experimental data.
The first CLAS12 experiments will provide high-precision data on inclusive electron scattering observables at a photon virtuality $Q^2$ ranging from 0.05 GeV$^2$ to 12 GeV$^2$ and center-of-mass energies $W$ up to 4 GeV. In view of this endeavour, we present the modeling of the resonant contributions to the inclusive electron scattering observables. As input, we use the existing CLAS electrocoupling results obtained from exclusive meson electroproduction data off protons, and evaluate for the first time the resonant contributions based on the experimental results on the nucleon resonance electroexcitation. The uncertainties are given by the data and duly propagated through a Monte Carlo approach. In this way, we obtain estimates for the resonant contributions, important for insight into the nucleon parton distributions in the resonance region and for the studies of quark-hadron duality.
A future gamma factory at CERN or accelerator-based gamma sources elsewhere can include the possibility of energetic twisted photons, which are photons with a structured wave front that can allow a pre-defined large angular momentum along the beam direction. Twisted photons are potentially a new tool in hadronic physics, and we consider here one possibility, namely the photoproduction of $Delta$(1232) baryons using twisted photons. We show that particular polarization amplitudes isolate the smaller partial wave amplitudes and they are measurable without interference from the terms that are otherwise dominant.
We present an effective field theory of the $Delta$-resonance as an interacting Weinbergs $(3/2,0)oplus (0,3/2)$ field in the multi-spinor formalism. We derive its interactions with nucleons $N$, pions $pi$ and photons $gamma$, and compute the $Delta$-resonance cross-sections in pion-nucleon scattering and pion photo-production. The theory contains only the physical spin-3/2 degrees of freedom. Thus, it is intrinsically consistent at the Hamiltonian level and, unlike the commonly used Rarita-Schwinger framework, does not require any additional ad hoc manipulation of couplings or propagators. The symmetries of hadronic physics select a unique operator for each coupling $NpiDelta$ and $gammapiDelta$. The proposed framework can be extended to also describe other higher-spin hadronic resonances.
$K^+Lambda(1405)$ photoproduction has been studied at the BGOOD experiment via the all neutral decay, $Lambda(1405)rightarrowSigma^0pi^0$. BGOODs unique experimental setup allows both the cross section and $Lambda(1405)$ invariant mass distribution (line shape) to be measured over a broad $K^+$ polar angle range, extending to extreme forward $K^+$ angles unattainable at previous experiments. The line shape was determined to be in agreement with the previous results of CLAS and ANKE, and appear consistent with two poles derived in $chi$PT based models. %with hints of a double peak structure which may have been observed in the ANKE results At forward $K^+$ angles the relative strength of the peaks appear to change, however more statistics are required for a firm conclusion. Evidence is provided for the role of a triangle singularity driven by the $N^*(2030)$ resonance, which appears to significantly contribute to $K^+Lambda(1405)$ photoproduction. This is observed in both the angular distributions and the integrated cross section which was determined with unprecedented energy resolution.
We investigate the reaction mechanism of the $phi$-meson photoproduction off the proton target, i.e., $gamma ptophi p$, up to $sqrt{s}=2.8$ GeV. For this purpose, we employ an effective Lagrangian approach in the tree-level Born approximation, and we employ various experimental and theoretical inputs. As a theoretical setup, the vectorlike Pomeron ($C=+1$) is taken into account as a parameterized two-gluon exchange contribution. We also consider $f_1(1285)$ axial-vector-meson, ($pi,eta$) pseudoscalar-meson, and ($a_0,f_0$) scalar-meson exchanges in the $t$ channel, in addition to the experimentally confirmed nucleon resonances, such as $N^*(2000,5/2^+)$ and $N^*(2300,1/2^+)$, for the direct $phi$-meson radiations in the $s$ and $u$ channels. We provide numerical results for the total and differential cross sections as well as the spin-density matrices in the Gottfried-Jackson, Adair, and helicity frames. We observe that, together with the universally accepted pomeron contribution, the considered meson and nucleon-resonance contributions play significant roles in reproducing the experimental data for the forward and backward $phi$-meson scattering-angle regions, respectively, indicating the nontrivial interferences between mesonic and baryonic contributions.