For a pointed topological space $X$, we use an inductive construction of a simplicial resolution of $X$ by wedges of spheres to construct a higher homotopy structure for $X$ (in terms of chain complexes of spaces). This structure is then used to define a collection of higher homotopy invariants which suffice to recover $X$ up to weak equivalence. It can also be used to distinguish between different maps $f$ from $X$ to $Y$ which induce the same morphism on homotopy groups $f_*$ from $pi_* X$ to $pi_* Y$.