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Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering in multi-ton scale dark matter experiments: Classification of vector and scalar interactions new physics signals

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 Added by Diego Aristizabal
 Publication date 2019
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and research's language is English




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We classify new physics signals in coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ u$NS) processes induced by $^8$B solar neutrinos in multi-ton xenon dark matter (DM) detectors. Our analysis focuses on vector and scalar interactions in the effective and light mediator limits after considering the constraints emerging from the recent COHERENT data and neutrino masses. In both cases we identify a region where measurements of the event spectrum alone suffice to establish whether the new physics signal is related with vector or scalar couplings. We identify as well a region where measurements of the recoil spectrum are required so to establish the nature of the new interaction, and categorize the spectral features that enable distinguishing the vector from the scalar case. We demonstrate that measurements of the isospin nature of the new interaction and thereby removal of isospin related degeneracies are possible by combining independent measurements from two different detectors. We also comment on the status of searches for vector and scalar interactions for on-going multi-ton year xenon experiments.



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121 - N. Van Dessel , V. Pandey , H. Ray 2020
The prospects of extracting new physics signals in a coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ u$NS) process are limited by the precision with which the underlying nuclear structure physics, embedded in the weak nuclear form factor, is known. We present microscopic nuclear structure physics calculations of charge and weak nuclear form factors and CE$ u$NS cross sections on $^{12}$C, $^{16}$O, $^{40}$Ar, $^{56}$Fe and $^{208}$Pb nuclei. We obtain the proton and neutron densities, and charge and weak form factors by solving Hartree-Fock equations with a Skyrme (SkE2) nuclear potential. We validate our approach by comparing $^{208}$Pb and $^{40}$Ar charge form factor predictions with elastic electron scattering data. In view of the worldwide interest in liquid-argon based neutrino and dark matter experiments, we pay special attention to the $^{40}$Ar nucleus and make predictions for the $^{40}$Ar weak form factor and the CE$ u$NS cross sections. Furthermore, we attempt to gauge the level of theoretical uncertainty pertaining to the description of the $^{40}$Ar form factor and CE$ u$NS cross sections by comparing relative differences between recent microscopic nuclear theory and widely-used phenomenological form factor predictions. Future precision measurements of CE$ u$NS will potentially help in constraining these nuclear structure details that will in turn improve prospects of extracting new physics.
We study the sensitivity of detectors with directional sensitivity to coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ u$NS), and how these detectors complement measurements of the nuclear recoil energy. We consider stopped pion and reactor neutrino sources, and use gaseous helium and fluorine as examples of detector material. We generate Standard Model predictions, and compare to scenarios that include new, light vector or scalar mediators. We show that directional detectors can provide valuable additional information in discerning new physics, and we identify prominent spectral features in both the angular and the recoil energy spectrum for light mediators, even for nuclear recoil energy thresholds as high as $sim 50$ keV. Combined with energy and timing information, directional information can play an important role in extracting new physics from CE$ u$NS experiments.
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87 - A. Parada 2019
In several extensions of the Standard Model of Particle Physics (SMPP), the neutrinos acquire electromagnetic properties such as the electric millicharge. Theoretical and experimental bounds have been reported in the literature for this parameter. In this work, we first carried out a statistical analysis by using data from reactor neutrino experiments, which include elastic neutrino-electron scattering (ENES) processes, in order to obtain both individual and combined limits on the neutrino electric millicharge (NEM). Then we performed a similar calculation to show a estimate of the sensitivity of future experiments of reactor neutrinos to the NEM, by involving coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENNS). In the first case, the constraints achieved from the combination of several experiments are $-1.1times 10^{-12}e < q_{ u} < 9.3times 10^{-13}e$ ($90%$ C.L.), and in the second scenario we obtained the bounds $-1.8times 10^{-14}e < q_{ u} < 1.8times 10^{-14}e$ ($90%$ C.L.). As we will show here, these combined analyses of different experimental data can lead to stronger constraints than those based on individual analysis. Where CENNS interactions would stand out as an important alternative to improve the current limits on NEM.
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