No Arabic abstract
A tripartite-circle drawing of a tripartite graph is a drawing in the plane, where each part of a vertex partition is placed on one of three disjoint circles, and the edges do not cross the circles. We present upper and lower bounds on the minimum number of crossings in tripartite-circle drawings of $K_{m,n,p}$ and the exact value for $K_{2,2,n}$. In contrast to 1- and 2-circle drawings, which may attain the Harary-Hill bound, our results imply that balanced restricted 3-circle drawings of the complete graph are not optimal.
A tripartite-circle drawing of a tripartite graph is a drawing in the plane, where each part of a vertex partition is placed on one of three disjoint circles, and the edges do not cross the circles. The tripartite-circle crossing number of a tripartite graph is the minimum number of edge crossings among all tripartite-circle drawings. We determine the tripartite-circle crossing number of $K_{2,2,n}$.
We bound the number of minimal hypergraph transversals that arise in tri-partite 3-uniform hypergraphs, a class commonly found in applications dealing with data. Let H be such a hypergraph on a set of vertices V. We give a lower bound of 1.4977 |V | and an upper bound of 1.5012 |V | .
A graph H is common if the number of monochromatic copies of H in a 2-edge-colouring of the complete graph is minimised by the random colouring. Burr and Rosta, extending a famous conjecture by Erdos, conjectured that every graph is common. The conjectures by Erdos and by Burr and Rosta were disproved by Thomason and by Sidorenko, respectively, in the late 1980s. Collecting new examples for common graphs had not seen much progress since then, although very recently, a few more graphs are verified to be common by the flag algebra method or the recent progress on Sidorenkos conjecture. Our contribution here is to give a new class of tripartite common graphs. The first example class is so-called triangle-trees, which generalises two theorems by Sidorenko and answers a question by Jagger, v{S}v{t}oviv{c}ek, and Thomason from 1996. We also prove that, somewhat surprisingly, given any tree T, there exists a triangle-tree such that the graph obtained by adding T as a pendant tree is still common. Furthermore, we show that adding arbitrarily many apex vertices to any connected bipartite graph on at most five vertices give a common graph.
The density matrix of a graph is the combinatorial laplacian matrix of a graph normalized to have unit trace. In this paper we generalize the entanglement properties of mixed density matrices from combinatorial laplacian matrices of graphs discussed in Braunstein {it et al.} Annals of Combinatorics, {bf 10}(2006)291 to tripartite states. Then we proved that the degree condition defined in Braunstein {it et al.} Phys. Rev. A {bf 73}, (2006)012320 is sufficient and necessary for the tripartite separability of the density matrix of a nearest point graph.
A $t$-bar visibility representation of a graph assigns each vertex up to $t$ horizontal bars in the plane so that two vertices are adjacent if and only if some bar for one vertex can see some bar for the other via an unobstructed vertical channel of positive width. The least $t$ such that $G$ has a $t$-bar visibility representation is the bar visibility number of $G$, denoted by $b(G)$. For the complete bipartite graph $K_{m,n}$, the lower bound $b(K_{m,n})gelceil{frac{mn+4}{2m+2n}}rceil$ from Eulers Formula is well known. We prove that equality holds.